{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T04:36:14Z","timestamp":1790742974809,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]],"date-time":"2020-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pharma Physio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ageing and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). HHcy affects the occurrence of vascular diseases in the elderly. So far, the mechanism of HHcy\u2010induced vascular ageing remains largely unknown. Autophagy level is significantly reduced in the ageing process, and restoring impaired autophagy to a normal state may be one of the possible ways to extend the expected longevity and lifespan in the future. In this study, we established the HHcy rat model by feeding a 2.5% methionine diet. Small animal ultrasound and the tail\u2010cuff method indicated that the vascular pulse wave velocity (PWV) and pulse pressure (PP) of HHcy rats were increased significantly compared with the control group. Vascular morphology and structure have been changed in HHcy rats, including lumen dilation, increased collagen fibre deposition and increased p53\/p21\/p16 expression. In vitro, under the stimulation of homocysteine (500\u00a0\u03bcmol\/L, 24\u00a0hours), the rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) presented senescence, which was characterized by the increased expression of ageing\u2010related markers, such as p16, p21 and p53 as well as increased senescence\u2010associated beta\u2010galactosidase (SA\u2010\u03b2\u2010gal) activity. Meanwhile, the autophagy level was decreased both in vivo and in vitro, shown as the increased level of autophagy substrate p62 and the reduced level of autophagy marker LC3 II\/I in the thoracic aorta of HHcy rats and in Hcy\u2010treated VSMCs, respectively. The senescence phenotype of VSMCs was reversed by increased autophagy levels induced by rapamycin. Our findings indicate that decreased autophagy of VSMCs is involved in hyperhomocysteinemia\u2010induced vascular ageing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.13442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T01:26:22Z","timestamp":1608081982000},"page":"524-533","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Decreased autophagy of vascular smooth muscle cells was involved in hyperhomocysteinemia\u2010induced vascular ageing"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7115-4486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjing","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panpan","family":"Zhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Beijing Luhe Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dengyu","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5146-0080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiayin","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyan","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Qingdao Municipal Hospital  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Diseases Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP270538"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00003.2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2016.02.070"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvy009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03530130055028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-019-1304-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.114.303899"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-017-3142-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00304.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-017-0216-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-1798-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201600915R"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-019-09827-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.07.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2015.1096485"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.01.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","unstructured":"Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-6374(01)00365-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-018-1016-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60830-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2015.75"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2009.10.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvs330"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","first-page":"4252047","article-title":"Nitrative stress\u2010related autophagic insufficiency participates in hyperhomocysteinemia\u2010induced renal aging","volume":"2020","author":"Zhang S","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00350"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.311378"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.117.005617"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2009.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570161111666131219094045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000368576"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2003.06.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2012.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003319709332956"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/BIR-2009-0459"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-015-2432-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13075\/mp.5893.00137"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-999-0001-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2018.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14446"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1440-1681.13442","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1440-1681.13442","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1440-1681.13442","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T14:40:13Z","timestamp":1693579213000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1440-1681.13442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1440-1681.13442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1440-1681.13442","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-1870","1440-1681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-1870","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-10-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}