{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T07:42:54Z","timestamp":1777621374574,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,5]],"date-time":"2017-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Lang &amp;amp; Comm Disor"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In contrast with most medical and pharmaceutical therapies, the optimal dosage for voice therapy or training is unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to compare the effect of a short\u2010term intensive voice training (IVT) with a longer\u2010term traditional voice training (TVT) on the vocal quality and vocal capacities of vocally healthy non\u2010professional voice users.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods &amp; Procedures<\/jats:title><jats:p>A pre\u2010\/post\u2010test randomized control group design with follow\u2010up measurements was used. Twenty healthy female non\u2010professional voice users with a mean age of 21.7 years (range = 20\u201324 years) were randomly assigned into a short\u2010term IVT group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 10) or a longer\u2010term TVT group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 10). Both groups received an identical 6\u2010h lasting voice training. Only the distribution of practice varied between the groups: 2\u00a0h a day for 3 consecutive days for the IVT group versus two 30\u2010min sessions a week for 6 weeks for the TVT group. In both groups, a voice assessment protocol consisting of subjective (questionnaire, participant's self\u2010report, auditory\u2013perceptual evaluation) and objective (maximum performance task, acoustic analysis, voice range profile, dysphonia severity index) measurements and determinations was used to evaluate the participants\u2019 voice pre\u2010 and post\u2010training and at 6 weeks follow\u2010up. Groups were compared over time using linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models. Within\u2010group effects of time were determined using post\u2010hoc pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni corrections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Outcomes &amp; Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No significant time\u2010by\u2010group interactions were found for any of the outcome measures, indicating no significant differences in evolution over time between the groups. Significant time effects were found for maximum phonation time, lowest intensity, lowest frequency, highest frequency and dysphonia severity index, all improving over time in both groups. More in\u2010depth within\u2010group analyses indicate a preference for the IVT group regarding the evolution of maximum phonation time, lowest frequency and dysphonia severity index, and a preference for the TVT group regarding the evolution of lowest intensity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>Short\u2010term IVT may be equally, or even more, effective in training vocally healthy non\u2010professional voice users compared with longer\u2010term TVT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,5]],"date-time":"2017-12-05T11:57:49Z","timestamp":1512475069000},"page":"393-404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Massed versus spaced practice in vocology: effect of a short\u2010term intensive voice training versus a longer\u2010term traditional voice training"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Iris","family":"Meerschman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech\u2013Language and Hearing Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristiane","family":"Van Lierde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech\u2013Language and Hearing Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Speech\u2013Language Pathology and Audiology University of Pretoria  Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caro","family":"Van Puyvelde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech\u2013Language and Hearing Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Bostyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech\u2013Language and Hearing Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sofie","family":"Claeys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evelien","family":"D'haeseleer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech\u2013Language and Hearing Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PROM.S68631"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/vvd24.2.98"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2006\/020)"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"457","article-title":"Motor learning principles and voice pedagogy: theory and practice","volume":"66","author":"Bergan C.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Singing"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(99)80063-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2006.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"De Voice Handicap Index. 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