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Past studies focus on younger populations, lack key comparisons to demographically matched control cohorts or explore language as a component of broader academic skills. Trends of existing studies suggest that affected children may perform at a lower level compared with typically developing peers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the receptive and expressive language skills of middle\u2010school\u2010aged children with non\u2010syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) and cleft palate only (CP). Additionally, to explore the language skills of children with clefts compared with a non\u2010cleft control group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods &amp; Procedures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010seven participants with orofacial clefts (aged 7;1\u201314;1 years) participated in the study: 19 with CLP (10 males; 9 females) and 18 with CP (8 males; 10 females). A non\u2010cleft comparison group consisted of 129 individuals matched on age, sex and maternal education level. Participants completed formal language (Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals, Fourth Edition) and non\u2010verbal intellectual measurements (Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence\u2014WASI). Demographic and developmental information was obtained via parental interview. Further clinical details (e.g., surgery; hearing status) were extracted from patient medical files. Cleft and non\u2010cleft language and non\u2010verbal IQ outcomes were reported separately. Language outcomes were then compared between groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Outcomes &amp; Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants with clefts achieved core (mean = 103.31, standard deviation (SD) = 10.31), receptive (mean = 102.51, SD = 11.60) and expressive (mean = 102.89, SD = 12.17) language index scores within the normative average range. A total of 14.1% and 17.8% of the cleft and non\u2010cleft groups respectively had impairment (i.e., \u2265 1.25 SD below the mean) in one or more language domains. No significant differences were found in the three language index scores between cleft and non\u2010cleft groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study is the first formally to examine language skills alongside non\u2010verbal IQ in school\u2010aged children with clefts compared with a large matched non\u2010cleft population. Results suggest that health professionals should evaluate each child as they present and not assume that a child with non\u2010syndromic CLP or CP will also have co\u2010occurring language difficulties. Where language falls in the average range, these skills can be harnessed to support areas of difficulty often associated with orofacial clefting, such as speech.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]],"date-time":"2018-07-03T08:01:40Z","timestamp":1530604900000},"page":"959-968","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Receptive and expressive language characteristics of school\u2010aged children with non\u2010syndromic cleft lip and\/or palate"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Jessica O.","family":"Boyce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Parkville VIC Australia"},{"name":"The University of Melbourne  Parkville VIC Australia"},{"name":"Royal Children's Hospital  Parkville VIC 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