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The standardization of assessment practices would facilitate comparisons of outcomes across UK cleft units; earlier identification of speech impairments\u2014which could support more timely treatments; and more reliable recording of therapy impacts and surgical interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore assessment practices used to assess speech in 3\u2010year\u2010old children with CP\u00b1L, including speech parameters, methods of assessment and the nature of the speech sample used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods &amp; Procedures<\/jats:title><jats:p>A broad examination of the literature was undertaken through the use of a scoping review conducted in accordance with Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. Search terms were generated from a preliminary search and then used in the main search (Medline, CINAHL, Embase, AMED and PsycINFO).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Contribution<\/jats:title><jats:p>A combination of approaches (medical, linguistic, developmental and functional) is required to assess CP\u00b1L speech at age 3. A developmental approach is recommended at this age, considering the complexity of speech profiles at age 3, in which typically developing speech processes may occur alongside cleft speech characteristics. A combined measure for both nasal emission and turbulence, and an overall measure for velopharyngeal function for speech, show potential for assessment at this age. Categorical ordinal scales are frequently used; the use of continuous scales has yet to be fully explored at age 3. Although single\u2010word assessments, including a subset of words developed for cross\u2010linguistic comparisons, are frequently used, more than one type of speech sample may be needed to assess speech at this age validly. The lack of consensus regarding speech samples highlights a need for further research into the types of speech samples 3\u2010year\u2010olds can complete; the impact of incomplete speech samples on outcome measures (particularly relevant at this age when children may be less able to complete a full sample); the impact of different speech samples on the validity of assessments; and the reliability of listener judgements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>Whilst a medical model and linguistic approaches are often central in assessments of age\u20103 cleft speech, this review highlights the importance of developmental and functional approaches to assessment. Cross\u2010linguistic single\u2010word assessments show potential, and would facilitate the comparison of UK speech outcomes with other countries. Further research should explore the impact of different speech samples and rating scales on assessment validity and listener reliability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T09:41:42Z","timestamp":1582191702000},"page":"165-187","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Assessing speech at three years of age in the cleft palate population: a scoping review of assessment practices"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Beth","family":"Fitzpatrick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Coventry University  Coventry UK"},{"name":"Speech and Language Therapy Birmingham Children's Hospital  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Coad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Coventry University  Coventry UK"},{"name":"School of Health Sciences Nottingham University  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debbie","family":"Sell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Outcomes and Experience Research in Children's Health, Illness and Disability Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7003-1927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanya","family":"Rihtman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Coventry University  Coventry UK"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Oxford Brookes University  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","volume-title":"South Tyneside Assessment of Phonology (STAP)","author":"Armstrong S.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/14-040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"Preschool Language Scale\u20143 (UK)","author":"Boucher J.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/13-121"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2018.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2017.09.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699200410001693486"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/14-027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/06-244"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0269920021000047864"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118785065.ch2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","volume-title":"CLEAR Phonology Screening Assessment","author":"Clear Resources","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","volume-title":"Speech Material to be Collected at Different Ages","author":"Cleft Palate International Speech Issues (CLISPI)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","unstructured":"Cleft Registry and Audit Network (CRANE) 2019 Annual Report on Cleft Lip and\/or Palate 2019(available at:https:\/\/crane-database.org.uk\/?!.iD=3l)(accessed on 1 October 2019)."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"13","article-title":"Comparative study of 2 palatoplasty techniques to assess speech and fistula in primary cleft palate patients","volume":"78","author":"Dayashankara R. 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