{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:31:23Z","timestamp":1790814683006,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,26]],"date-time":"2021-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Lang &amp; Comm Disor"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe typical phonological development of Brazilian Portuguese (BP)\u2010speaking children, considering the following parameters: age of customary production, acquisition and mastery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods &amp; Procedures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were collected from 857 children aged between 3 years and 8 years 11 months with typical language and speech development. The sample was grouped into 6\u2010month age bands. The data were analysed using one\u2010way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Games\u2013Howell post\u2010hoc tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Outcomes &amp; Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stops (\/p, b, t, d, k, g\/), nasals (\/m, n, \u0272\/) and some fricatives (\/f, v, s, z\/) were mastered before the age of 3 years (age of mastery). The age of acquisition for phonemes \/\u0283, \u0292\/ was 3;6, though both were only mastered at 4;0 years. The liquid \/l\/ was acquired at 3;0 and mastered at age 3;6, while \/x\/ was acquired and mastered at age 3;6. The phoneme \/\u028e\/ was acquired at 7;0 and mastered at age 8;6. The tap \/\u027e\/ was acquired between the ages of 4;0 and 4;6, and mastered at 4;6. In coda position, \/n, l\/ were acquired at 3;0, while \/s\/ was mastered at 4;6 and \/\u027e\/ between 4;6 and 5;0 years. Clusters involving \/\u027e\/ were acquired at 6;0, while those with \/l\/ were acquired between the ages of 6;6 and 7;0.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study presented acquisition for consonants in BP and can be used as a reference for the assessment of developmental speech disorders. In this study, stops and nasals were acquired first, followed by fricatives and, lastly, liquids. This finding is corroborated by previous studies in BP and other languages.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this paper adds<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>What is already known on the subject<\/jats:title><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this paper adds to existing knowledge<\/jats:title><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?<\/jats:title><\/jats:sec><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,27]],"date-time":"2021-12-27T06:08:56Z","timestamp":1640585336000},"page":"274-287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Phonological acquisition of Brazilian Portuguese: Ages of customary production, acquisition and mastery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5827-5670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marizete Ilha","family":"Ceron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Communication Disorders Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)  Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"},{"name":"Family Health Support Center of Santa Cruz do Sul  Santa Cruz do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone Nicolini De","family":"Simoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human COMMUNICATION Disorders UFSM  Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"},{"name":"Health House Hospital  Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5678-8429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rcia","family":"Keske\u2010Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Linguistics Catholica Pontifical University of Rio Grande do Sul"},{"name":"Speech\u2010Language Hearing Department UFSM  Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4103.642"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/152574019301500202"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"A aquisi\u00e7\u00e3o das consoantes l\u00edquidas em portugu\u00eas europeu: Contributos para a caracteriza\u00e7\u00e3o da faixa et\u00e1ria 4;0\u20104;11 anos [The acquisition of liquids consonants in European Portuguese: contributions for the characterization of the age group 4;0\u20134;11 years]","volume":"9","author":"Amorin C.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Revista de Estudos Lingu\u00edsticos da Universidade do Porto"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Phonological awareness of Portuguese in the simultaneous acquisition of two languages","volume":"8","author":"Ara\u00fajo F.P.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Revista CEFAC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","volume-title":"Instrumento de Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o Fonol\u00f3gica (INFONO): Desenvolvimento e estudos psicom\u00e9tricos [Phonological Evaluation Instrument (INFONO): Development and psychometric studies]. 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