{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T07:13:31Z","timestamp":1766733211813,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Lang &amp;amp; Comm Disor"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Alouette\u2010R (2005) by Lefavrais is one of the most widely used tools to assess reading skills in French. However, this instrument does not have normative data specific to the French\u2010speaking population of Quebec, Canada.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The validity of an assessment being strongly compromised when using inappropriate norms, the first objective of this study was to establish local norms for the Alouette\u2010R. The second objective was to provide sensitivity and specificity data for each Alouette\u2010R measure in the French\u2010speaking Quebec population. The third objective was to compare Quebec and French normative data and their sensitivity to better understand the applicability and effectiveness of the Alouette\u2010R test at the regional level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods &amp; Procedures<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 347 fluent readers and 48 children with dyslexia from 3rd to 6th grades were recruited from different regions in Quebec. Participants had to read aloud the 265\u2010word text of the Alouette\u2010R in a maximum of 3 min.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Outcomes &amp; Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Norms (means, standard deviations and percentiles) by school grades were created for each test measure: reading time, number of words read, number of errors, number of words correctly read, reading accuracy index and reading fluency index. The sensitivity (i.e., the ability to correctly identify children with dyslexia) and specificity (i.e., the ability to correctly identify children without dyslexia) of these measurements were also documented. The norms and their sensitivity were then compared with those of the original French study by Lefavrais in 2005.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The presence of differences between European and Quebec norms supports the importance of using local norms when assessing language skills. The reading accuracy and fluency indexes are the measurements that best discriminated children with dyslexia from those without a reading disorder in our study. This study will allow clinicians working in Quebec to have a better interpretation of the Alouette\u2010R measurements and ultimately avoid erroneous conclusions resulting from the use of foreign normative data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this paper adds<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>What is already known on this subject<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The Alouette\u2010R is a reading test validated and standardized in France to screen for dyslexia in children. The validity of existing norms with the Quebec population in Canada is questionable due to socio\u2010linguistic differences with the population of France.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this study adds to existing knowledge<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>This study provides for the first time normative and sensitivity\/specificity data of the Alouette\u2010R for French\u2010speaking school\u2010aged children living in Quebec. Differences were noted with the normative data from France, which supports the importance of using local normative data when administering reading tests in Quebec.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>When administering the Alouette\u2010R, clinicians in Quebec will now be able to use normative data adapted to the local population, which will limit erroneous conclusions resulting from the use of foreign normative data. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity values reported in the article will allow these clinicians to better interpret their results when screening for a developmental reading disorder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.13076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]],"date-time":"2024-06-15T06:35:16Z","timestamp":1718433316000},"page":"2071-2086","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Alouette\u2010R normative data for French\u2010speaking school\u2010aged children living in Quebec"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8146-0273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lou","family":"Champagne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al  Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dima","family":"Safi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech Language Pathology Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois\u2010Rivi\u00e8res  Trois\u2010Rivi\u00e8res QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4958-7813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Gauthier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al  Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4074\/s000350331000206x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7202\/1050966ar"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"129","article-title":"Analyse psychom\u00e9trique d'outils d\u2019\u00e9valuation utilis\u00e9s aupr\u00e8s des enfants francophones. 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