{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T15:02:26Z","timestamp":1788274946596,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Lang &amp;amp; Comm Disor"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Current published guidelines suggest that speech and language therapists (SLTs) should be part of stroke teams, but their involvement and roles according to country income are unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review aims to (1) investigate the level of involvement of SLTs in acute stroke management, rehabilitation, and long\u2010term care, and (2) examine whether the roles and contributions of SLTs in stroke care vary according to a country's income level.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review methodology was conducted by an expert librarian and three independent researchers based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. This systematic review was registered on the PROSPERO website. The search strategy involved using MESH Terms \u2018speech and language therapy\u2019 AND stroke AND team* across six databases as follows: MEDLINE Complete, APA PsycInfo, CINAHL Plus, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. The review was conducted using the Covidence software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out of 1142 titles identified, 42 studies met the criteria: 34 studies (80%) were from high\u2010income countries, five (12%) were from upper\u2013middle\u2010income countries, and three (8%) were from low\u2013middle\u2010income countries. No studies were published in low\u2010income countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lack of SLTs reported in stroke and rehabilitation teams in low\u2010 and low\u2013middle\u2010income countries raises concern for patients' access to specialized SLT services. Healthcare policy should highlight the need for greater investment in SLT resources and the role of SLTs in managing aphasia, dysphagia, and chronic rehabilitation needs to improve patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>What is already known on the subject<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                          <jats:list-item>\n                            <jats:p>Stroke is a leading cause of acquired disability with rehabilitation requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Speech and language therapists (SLTs) play a significant role in stroke care, addressing communication, swallowing, and cognitive disorders. Despite the recognized importance, SLTs\u2019 involvement in stroke care teams varies significantly across healthcare systems, especially in lower\u2010income countries.<\/jats:p>\n                          <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <\/jats:list>\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>What this paper adds to existing knowledge<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                          <jats:list-item>\n                            <jats:p>This study reveals global discrepancies in SLT involvement in stroke care, with high\u2010income countries benefiting from structured, specialized roles across all phases of rehabilitation, while low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries face ad hoc, limited involvement due to systemic changes. The findings highlight the need for standardized protocols and greater investment in SLT resources to ensure equitable stroke rehabilitation services worldwide.<\/jats:p>\n                          <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <\/jats:list>\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                          <jats:list-item>\n                            <jats:p>The clinical implications of this study are as follows: (a) integrating SLTs in stroke teams, especially in underrepresented regions, is essential to improve rehabilitation outcomes, (b) advocacy efforts prioritize equal access to SLT services globally, supported by policy changes and education and (c) participatory research must involve patients as equal partners to address community\u2010specific rehabilitation priorities as involving stroke survivors and caregivers in the design of rehabilitation services has been shown to identify local barriers to access and shape more culturally appropriate interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                          <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <\/jats:list>\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.70062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T11:04:13Z","timestamp":1750331053000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Role of Speech and Language Therapists (SLTs) in International Stroke Teams: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5310-3017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Charalambous","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Health Sciences Cyprus University of Technology Limassol Cyprus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5164-5106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John E.","family":"Pierce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence in Aphasia Recovery and Rehabilitation La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Pastou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Health Sciences Cyprus University of Technology Limassol 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