{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T15:18:36Z","timestamp":1787843916212,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Lang &amp;amp; Comm Disor"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Persons with aphasia (PWA) often have increased difficulty interacting with unfamiliar communicative partners, which can result in negative perceptions among listeners. However, self\u2010disclosure of the disorder can allow for the empowerment of the individual and increased understanding of the situation for the listener.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Towards that end, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact of self\u2010disclosure, other\u2010mediated disclosure, and no disclosure on the listeners\u2019 perceptions of the PWA's speech skills and personality characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Procedures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An adult female diagnosed with aphasia served as the speaker in the study. The listeners were 201 undergraduate students majoring in Communication Sciences and Disorders. There were 67 students in self\u2010disclosure condition (i.e., the PWA gave a verbal disclosure statement prior to her videotaped conversation with the examiner), 68 students in the other\u2010mediated disclosure condition (i.e., the examiner disclosed for the PWA), and 66 students in the no disclosure condition. Students watched one or more video(s), depending on the condition, and then rated the PWA on several speech skills and personality characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcomes and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results revealed that self\u2010disclosure yielded significantly more positive listeners\u2019 perceptions than other\u2010mediated disclosure for seven of the 17 traits measured. Furthermore, self\u2010disclosure yielded significantly more positive listeners\u2019 perceptions than no disclosure for 13 of the 17 traits measured. The other\u2010mediated disclosure did not yield significantly more positive ratings than the no disclosure condition for any traits measured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that the use of self\u2010disclosure impacts the listener beyond simply reducing listener uncertainty. This further supports the use of self\u2010disclosure by PWA when feasible.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>What is already known on this subject<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Previous literature revealed that negative listeners\u2019 perceptions are common among speakers with communication impairments. Self\u2010disclosure can allow for the empowerment of the individual and increased understanding of the situation for the listener. There is limited research regarding self\u2010disclosure among PWA; however, the research regarding self\u2010disclosure in the field of fluency disorders supports its use to improve listeners\u2019 perceptions.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                      <jats:italic>What this study adds to existing knowledge<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            This was the first study to evaluate the impact of the\n                            <jats:italic>source<\/jats:italic>\n                            of disclosure (i.e., who exactly is doing the disclosure) on listeners\u2019 perceptions of a PWA's speech skills and personality characteristics. Results revealed that there were no significant differences between the other\u2010mediated condition and the no disclosure condition.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                      <jats:italic>What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this study?<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Findings suggest that listeners\u2019 perceptions might not improve when another individual discloses for the client; this further supports the use of self\u2010disclosure by PWA when feasible. Clinicians can have a major role in teaching the importance of self\u2010disclosure, as well as facilitating its use of self\u2010disclosure among clients.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.70240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T12:14:28Z","timestamp":1775564068000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Effects of Disclosure on University Students\u2019 Perceptions of a Person With Aphasia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6361-8715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline Christine","family":"Franks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders Baylor University  Waco Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul Gerard","family":"Blanchet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders Baylor University  Waco Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2007.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699206.2020.1745894"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2015.1016888"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"Blanchet P. 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