{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T11:15:05Z","timestamp":1790162105080,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Lang &amp;amp; Comm Disor"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is a motor speech disorder for which assessment and diagnostic standards have been largely informed by studies of English\u2010speaking populations. Evidence related to CAS in Turkish\u2010speaking children remains sparse, is published across both Turkish\u2010 and English\u2010language sources, and variable in diagnostic rigor.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This scoping review aimed to map existing evidence on the assessment and diagnostic standards of CAS in Turkish\u2010speaking populations, with a focus on diagnostic approaches, assessment tasks, diagnostic quality, reported clinical features and gaps in the literature.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The review followed the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Systematic searches were conducted across thirteen English\u2010and Turkish\u2010language databases for peer\u2010reviewed articles published between 2007 and 2025. Studies reporting on at least one Turkish\u2010speaking child with CAS or suspected CAS were included. Extracted data included diagnostic methods, assessment tasks, reported clinical features and assessor information. Diagnostic quality was evaluated using an established rating framework and findings were synthesised narratively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Contribution<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 45 Turkish\u2010speaking children with CAS or suspected CAS. Diagnostic approaches ranged from reliance on general perceptual judgement to expert\u2010based evaluation and standardized assessment tools, with evidence of improved diagnostic quality over time. Assessment tasks sampled multiple domains, including single\u2010word production, connected speech, speech inconsistency, oral motor skills, diadochokinesis and prosody. Reported clinical features largely reflected language\u2010universal characteristics of CAS, with limited investigation of Turkish\u2010specific patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although progress in CAS assessment for Turkish\u2010speaking children is evident, gaps remain in diagnostic consistency, psychometric evidence and language\u2010specific research, highlighting the need for further systematic investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>What is already known on this subject<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Assessment and diagnosis of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) are largely guided by evidence and assessment tools developed for English\u2010speaking populations. Research on CAS in Turkishspeaking children is limited, scattered across languages, and shows wide variability in diagnostic approaches and rigor, making it difficult to draw firm conclusions or guide clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                      <jats:italic>What this study adds to the existing knowledge<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>This scoping review provides the first integrated synthesis of English\u2010 and Turkish\u2010language evidence on the assessment and diagnostic standards of CAS in Turkish\u2010speaking children. It demonstrates a gradual improvement in diagnostic quality over time and shows that reported clinical features largely mirror language\u2010universal characteristics of CAS, while Turkish\u2010specific manifestations remain under\u2010investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                      <jats:italic>What are the clinical implications of this study?<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Clinicians working with Turkish\u2010speaking children should adopt multi\u2010task assessment protocols that sample speech across varied contexts and use standardised tools, such as the DEMSS\u2010TR, to supplement expert perceptual judgement. The findings highlight the need for continued development, validation and clinician training in Turkish\u2010language CAS assessments to improve diagnostic consistency and accuracy.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.70336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T08:52:03Z","timestamp":1789462323000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment and Diagnostic Standards of Childhood Apraxia of Speech in Turkish\u2010Speaking Children: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1827-6876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eddy C. H.","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Human Communication, Learning, and Development, Faculty of Education The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6602-8039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A\u015fena","family":"Karamete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech and Language Therapy Faculty of Health Sciences Istanbul Atlas University  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9552-199X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ay\u015f\u0131n","family":"Noyan\u2010Erba\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech and Language Therapy Faculty of Health Sciences Hacettepe University  Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"American Speech\u2010Language\u2010Hearing Association [ASHA].2007.Childhood Apraxia of Speech [Technical Report]."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arslan B. andS.\u00dcnsal.2025. \u201cEvaluation of Acoustic and Aerodynamic Voice Characteristics of Children with Childhood Apraxia of Speech.\u201dJournal of Voice. 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