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To facilitate diagnosis and subtyping, we genotypically and phenotypically characterized 25\n STEC O<\/jats:styled-content>\n 174 isolates from humans with different clinical outcomes and from animals and the environment.\n \n fliC<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n genotyping resulted in four different genotypes (\n \n fliC<\/jats:italic>\n H2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n :\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20095;\n \n fliC<\/jats:italic>\n H8<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n :\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20098;\n \n fliC<\/jats:italic>\n H21<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n :\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200911;\n \n fliC<\/jats:italic>\n H46<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n :\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20091). Twenty\u2010three strains were motile expressing the corresponding\n H<\/jats:styled-content>\n antigen; two non\u2010motile isolates possessed\n \n fliC<\/jats:italic>\n H8<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n . The\n stx<\/jats:italic>\n genotypes and non\u2010\n stx<\/jats:italic>\n virulence loci, including toxins, serine\u2010proteases and adhesins correlated well with serotypes but showed no differences with respect to the isolates' origins. Multilocus sequence typing identified seven sequence types that correlated with serotypes. Core gene typing further specified the four serotypes, including a previously unknown\n O<\/jats:styled-content>\n 174:\n H<\/jats:styled-content>\n 46 combination, and revealed distant relationships of the different serotypes within serogroup\n O<\/jats:styled-content>\n 174 and in relation to other haemolytic uremic syndrome (\n HUS<\/jats:styled-content>\n )\u2010associated\n STEC<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Only serotype\n O<\/jats:styled-content>\n 174:\n H<\/jats:styled-content>\n 21 was associated with\n HUS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Differences in virulence factors and in the adherence capacity of\n STEC O<\/jats:styled-content>\n 174 corroborated this separation into four distinct groups. Our study provides a basis for\n O<\/jats:styled-content>\n 174 subtyping, unravels considerable genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity and sheds light to potential environmental and animal reservoirs.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T12:46:14Z","timestamp":1375361174000},"page":"963-976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Phylogeny and phenotypes of clinical and environmental\n S<\/scp>\n higa toxin\u2010producing\n \n E<\/i>\n <\/scp>\n scherichia coli<\/i>\n \u2005\n O<\/scp>\n 174"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Wenlan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hygiene and the National Consulting Laboratory on Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome University of M\u00fcnster 48149 M\u00fcnster 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R.","family":"Leopold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hygiene and the National Consulting Laboratory on Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome University of M\u00fcnster 48149 M\u00fcnster Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anika","family":"Witten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Arteriosclerosis University of M\u00fcnster 48149 M\u00fcnster Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelika","family":"Fruth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Center for Salmonella and Other Bacterial Enteric Pathogens Robert Koch Institute, Branch Wernigerode 38855 Wernigerode Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helge","family":"Karch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hygiene and the National Consulting Laboratory on Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome University of M\u00fcnster 48149 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