{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T16:08:09Z","timestamp":1770998889648,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,16]],"date-time":"2014-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The increasing use of the 7\u2010valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine has been accompanied by the rise of non\u2010vaccine serotypes colonizing the human nasopharynx. The vast majority of infections are caused by microorganisms that grow in biofilms. It has recently been shown that the formation of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    <jats:italic>treptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    biofilms\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    is hindered by the presence of capsular polysaccharide. The biofilm\u2010forming capacity of pneumococcal clinical isolates with different types of capsular polysaccharide and various isogenic transformants was examined. Strains of serotypes 19\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and 19\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , but not 19\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and 19\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , formed \u2265\u200980% of the quantity of biofilm associated with a non\u2010encapsulated control strain. Strains of serogroup 6 also showed significant biofilm\u2010forming capacity. The capsules of serotypes 19A and 19F, and serogroup 6 contain the disaccharides\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      \u03b1\u2010D\u2010Glc\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010(1\u21922)\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      \u03b1\u2010L\u2010Rha\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010(1\u2192 and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      \u03b1\u2010D\u2010Glc\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010(1\u21923)\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      \u03b1\u2010L\u2010Rha\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010(1\u2192. Serotype 18\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and serotypes 18\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \/18\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    have very similar capsular disaccharides:\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      \u03b1\u2010D\u2010Glc\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      NAc\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010(1\u21923)\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      \u03b2\u2010L\u2010Rha\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010(1\u2192 and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      \u03b1\u2010D\u2010Glc\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010(1\u21923)\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      \u03b2\u2010L\u2010Rha\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010(1\u2192 respectively. However, the strains of serogroup 18 showed impaired biofilm formation. These results indicate that the chemical composition\/structure of the capsular polysaccharide is crucial to the biofilm\u2010forming capacity of pneumococcal serotypes. Testing of the\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    biofilm\u2010forming ability of isogenic transformants expressing different capsular polysaccharides may help predict the emergence of colonizing, non\u2010vaccine serotypes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,24]],"date-time":"2013-12-24T04:59:01Z","timestamp":1387861141000},"page":"1193-1201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["<i>In vitro<\/i>\n                    biofilm formation by\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>S<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    <i>treptococcus pneumoniae<\/i>\n                    as a predictor of post\u2010vaccination emerging serotypes colonizing the human nasopharynx"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Mirian","family":"Domenech","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda Molecular y Biolog\u00eda de las Infecciones Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas (CIB\u2010CSIC)  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"Ara\u00fajo\u2010Baz\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda Molecular y Biolog\u00eda de las Infecciones Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas (CIB\u2010CSIC)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ernesto","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda Molecular y Biolog\u00eda de las Infecciones Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas (CIB\u2010CSIC)  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Moscoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda Molecular y Biolog\u00eda de las Infecciones Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas (CIB\u2010CSIC)  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"816","article-title":"Use of 13\u2010valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and 23\u2010valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine for adults with immunocompromising conditions: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)","volume":"61","author":"Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices","year":"2012","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly 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