{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T01:47:29Z","timestamp":1791942449135,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,11]],"date-time":"2014-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI25098, AI097974, U54AI057163"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI25098, AI097974, U54AI057163"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n The second messenger molecule cyclic diguanylate is essential for\n \n Y<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n ersinia pestis<\/jats:italic>\n biofilm formation that is important for blockage\u2010dependent plague transmission from fleas to mammals. Two diguanylate cyclases (\n DGCs<\/jats:styled-content>\n )\n HmsT<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n Y<\/jats:styled-content>\n 3730 (\n HmsD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) are responsible for biofilm formation\n \n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n and biofilm\u2010dependent blockage in the oriental rat flea\n \n X<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n enopsylla cheopis<\/jats:italic>\n respectively. Here, we have identified a tripartite signalling system encoded by the\n y3729\u2010y3731<\/jats:italic>\n operon that is responsible for regulation of biofilm formation in different environments. We present genetic evidence that a putative inner membrane\u2010anchored protein with a large periplasmic domain\n Y<\/jats:styled-content>\n 3729 (\n HmsC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) inhibits\n HmsD DGC<\/jats:styled-content>\n activity\n \n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n while an outer membrane\n P<\/jats:styled-content>\n al\u2010like putative lipoprotein\n Y<\/jats:styled-content>\n 3731 (\n HmsE<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) counteracts\n HmsC<\/jats:styled-content>\n to activate\n HmsD<\/jats:styled-content>\n in the gut of\n \n X<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n .\u2009cheopis<\/jats:italic>\n . We propose that\n HmsE<\/jats:styled-content>\n is a critical element in the transduction of environmental signal(s) required for\n HmsD<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010dependent biofilm formation.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,17]],"date-time":"2014-02-17T05:59:42Z","timestamp":1392616782000},"page":"947-959","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["The\n \n Y<\/i>\n <\/scp>\n ersinia pestis<\/i>\n \u2005\n HmsCDE<\/scp>\n regulatory system is essential for blockage of the oriental rat flea (\n \n X<\/i>\n <\/scp>\n enopsylla cheopis<\/i>\n ), a classic plague vector"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Alexander G.","family":"Bobrov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Kirillina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viveka","family":"Vadyvaloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology Paul G. Allen School of Global Animal Health Washington State University Pullman WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin J.","family":"Koestler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela K.","family":"Hinz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology Paul G. Allen School of Global Animal Health Washington State University Pullman WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dietrich","family":"Mack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioscientia Labor Ingelheim Labor f\u00fcr Medizinische Diagnostik Ingelheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Waters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"36","article-title":"Image processing with ImageJ","volume":"11","author":"Abramoff M.D.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biophotonics Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.036640-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Factors of Yersinia pestis providing circulation and persistence of plague pathogen in ecosystems of natural foci. 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