{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T16:59:01Z","timestamp":1778086741513,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,22]],"date-time":"2016-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1469145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Dental Craniofacial Research Institute of National Institutes of Health","award":["R01DE22350 and R01DE017954"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DE22350 and R01DE017954"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Balanced bacterial biofilm communities help to maintain host health. Disturbance of such balance can lead to bacterial dysbiosis and pathogenesis. However, complex and dynamic bacterial interactions within the biofilm communities are poorly understood. In this study, we used a dual\u2010species biofilm consisting of the periodontal pathogen\n                    <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and a commensal\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus parasanguinis<\/jats:italic>\n                    to investigate bacterial interactions since the two organisms have been found to coexist during the development of localized aggressive periodontal disease. We report that\n                    <jats:italic>A. actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    promoted biofilm formation of\n                    <jats:italic>S. parasanguinis in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Protein profiling of\n                    <jats:italic>S. parasanguinis<\/jats:italic>\n                    co\u2010cultured with\n                    <jats:italic>A. actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    revealed a significant decrease in the protein level of pyruvate oxidase(PoxL), an enzyme required for the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ). Consistently, the H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    concentration was concurrently decreased. However, the complete removal of H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    impaired the biofilm formation. H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    at a low concentration range regulated by\n                    <jats:italic>A. actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    enhanced the biofilm formation. These results demonstrate that\n                    <jats:italic>A. actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    promotes the\n                    <jats:italic>S. parasanguinis<\/jats:italic>\n                    biofilm formation through modulating the production of H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    by fine\u2010tuning the expression of\n                    <jats:italic>poxL<\/jats:italic>\n                    , indicating that H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    functions as a signaling molecule. Taken together, this report revealed a previously unknown bacteria\u2010bacteria interaction mechanism.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.13425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,27]],"date-time":"2016-06-27T14:22:45Z","timestamp":1467037365000},"page":"4023-4036","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Fine\u2010tuned production of hydrogen peroxide promotes biofilm formation of\n                    <i>Streptococcus parasanguinis<\/i>\n                    by a pathogenic cohabitant\n                    <i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Dingyu","family":"Duan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatric Dentistry and Microbiology, Schools of Dentistry and Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294 USA"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Scoffield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatric Dentistry and Microbiology, Schools of Dentistry and Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuedong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatric Dentistry and Microbiology, Schools of Dentistry and Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294 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