{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T08:11:58Z","timestamp":1792656718621,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,4]],"date-time":"2017-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004737","name":"National Health Research Institutes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IV\u2010104\u2010PP\u201009; IV\u2010105\u2010PP\u201008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IV\u2010104\u2010PP\u201009; IV\u2010105\u2010PP\u201008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 105\u20102628\u2010B\u2010400\u2010004\u2010MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 105\u20102628\u2010B\u2010400\u2010004\u2010MY2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences, Inc.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IN\u2010US\u2010131\u20103918"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN\u2010US\u2010131\u20103918"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Emerging azole resistance in\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    poses a serious threat to human health. This nationwide surveillance study investigated the prevalence and molecular characteristics of azole\u2010resistant\n                    <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    environmental isolates in Taiwan, an island country with increasing use of azole fungicides. Of the 2760 air and soil samples screened from 2014 to 2016, 451\n                    <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates were recovered from 266 samples and 34 isolates from 29 samples displayed resistance to medical azoles (itraconazole, voriconazole or posaconazole). The resistance prevalence was 10.9% and 7.5% in\n                    <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010positive samples and isolates respectively. Most (29, 85.3%) azole\u2010resistant isolates harboured TR\n                    <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/L98H mutations, which were widely distributed, clustered genetically with clinical isolates, and had growth rates that were similar to those of the wild\u2010type isolates. Microsatellite genotyping revealed both the global spread of the TR\n                    <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/L98H isolates and the occurrence of TR\n                    <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/L98H\/S297T\/F495I isolates belonging to local microsatellite genotypes.\n                    <jats:italic>AfuMDR3<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>atrF<\/jats:italic>\n                    , two efflux transporter genes, were constitutively upregulated in two individual resistant isolates without\n                    <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations, highlighting their potential roles in azole resistance. These results emphasize the need for periodic environmental surveillance at the molecular level in regions in which azole fungicides are applied, and agricultural fungicide management strategies that generate less selective pressure should be investigated.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.13988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,10]],"date-time":"2017-11-10T01:42:40Z","timestamp":1510278160000},"page":"270-280","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Prevalence, mechanisms and genetic relatedness of the human pathogenic fungus\n                    <i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i>\n                    exhibiting resistance to medical azoles in the environment of Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Hsuan\u2010Chen","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes Zunan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jui\u2010Chang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Crop Environment, Tainan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong\u2010Hong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Crop Environment, Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan Pingtung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Hsin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Crop Improvement, Taichung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan Changhua Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming\u2010I","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes Zunan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pui\u2010Ching","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes Zunan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiu\u2010Jung","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes Zunan Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Dentistry China Medical University Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010Lun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital New Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching\u2010Shan","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Resource Management Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin\u2010I","family":"Shih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi\u2010Jung","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes Zunan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yee\u2010Chun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00536-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2014.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45631"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12089"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00100-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3114\/sim.2007.59.05"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00335-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00051-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh507"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01005-16"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PHYTO-11-15-0285-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052871"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003633"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix210"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","unstructured":"CLSI. (2008) Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous Fungi: Approved Standard\u2010Second Edition M38\u2010A2. Wayne PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.1568"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.8.4112-4120.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2008.02656.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","unstructured":"EUCAST\u2010Subcommitee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST\u2010AFST). (2017) Clinical breakpoints for fungi (v 8.1). [WWW document]. URLhttp:\/\/www.eucast.org\/clinical_breakpoints\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt075"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12324"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","unstructured":"Kleinkauf N. Verweij P. Arendrup M. Donnelly P. Cuenca\u2010Estrella M. Fraaije B. et al. (2013) Risk assessment on the impact of environmental usage of triazoles on the development and spread of resistance to medical triazoles inAspergillusspecies. In: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) Stockholm."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myw005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00692-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.5.1719-1726.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2015.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1087-1845(02)00016-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00231-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01599-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031801"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku566"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12281-012-0097-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","volume-title":"Domestic Manufacturers Production & Sale of Pesticides","author":"Taiwan Crop Protection Industry Association","year":"1962"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","first-page":"429","article-title":"Prevalence of azole\u2010resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in the environment of Thailand","volume":"55","author":"Tangwattanachuleeporn M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2016.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku364"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2015.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ885"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12354"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034609"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00791-17"}],"container-title":["Environmental Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2F1462-2920.13988","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1462-2920.13988","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1462-2920.13988","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1462-2920.13988","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T21:41:57Z","timestamp":1761860517000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1462-2920.13988"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,4]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1462-2920.13988"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1462-2920.13988","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1462-2912","1462-2920"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-2912","type":"print"},{"value":"1462-2920","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-09-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-11-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-12-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}