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The mechanisms that control the production of and secretion of these killing machines are incompletely understood, although quorum sensing (QS) and the PpkA kinase modulate T6SS activity in some organisms. Here we investigated control the T6S in the marine organism\n                    <jats:italic>Vibrio alginolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    EPGS, which encodes two T6SS systems (T6SS1 and T6SS2). We found that the organism principally relies on T6SS2 for interbacterial competition. We further carried out a phosphoproteomic screen to identify substrates of the T6SS2\u2010linked PpkA2 kinase. Substrates of PpkA2 encoded within the T6SS2 cluster as well proteins that are apparently not linked to T6SS\u2010related processes were identified. Similar to other organisms, PpkA2 autophosphorylation was critical for T6SS2 function. Notably, phosphorylation of a polypeptide encoded outside of the T6SS2 cluster, VtsR, was critical for T6SS2 expression and function because it augments the expression of\n                    <jats:italic>luxR<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a key regulator of QS that also promotes T6SS2 gene expression. Thus, PpkA2 controls a phosphorylation cascade that mediates a positive regulatory loop entwining T6SS and QS, thereby coordinating these pathways to enhance the competitive fitness of\n                    <jats:italic>V. alginolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.14039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]],"date-time":"2018-01-04T00:38:33Z","timestamp":1515026313000},"page":"903-919","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Serine\/threonine kinase PpkA coordinates the interplay between T6SS2 activation and quorum sensing in the marine pathogen\n                    <i>Vibrio alginolyticus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Zhen","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis\/Jiangsu Co\u2010Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China"},{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China"},{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew K.","family":"Waldor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanxing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China"},{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiyao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China"},{"name":"Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao China"},{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines Shanghai 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