{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T00:58:04Z","timestamp":1793235484991,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,2]],"date-time":"2018-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Bacteriophage therapy is a commonly used treatment for\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections in countries of the former Soviet Union, using both single phages and phage cocktails. The scarce data available on Eastern phage cocktails prompted an investigation into commercially\u2010available Pyophage cocktails from two different manufacturers used to treat skin and wound infections. Comparison of the metagenomic composition of two Pyophage products from Georgia and Russia revealed substantial differences in phage\u2010types targeting\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia, Enterococcus, Salmonella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Proteus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , therefore indicating multiple strategies for composing phage cocktails against these bacterial pathogens. Closely\u2010related Kayvirus\u2010like Myoviruses were, however, a shared component against\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    within all products, except for the inclusion of a secondary\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    Podovirus in one Microgen cocktail. Metagenomic analysis also revealed the presence of several probable prophage sequences but detected no genetic safety risks in terms of virulence factors or antibiotic resistance genes. The safety of broad\u2010spectrum cocktails was tested by comparing the effects of nasal and oral exposure to Eliava Pyophage, a monospecies counterpart and placebo in healthy human carriers of\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The lack of adverse effects in any treatment groups supports the clinical safety of\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    phages administered as a single phage or as phage cocktail.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.14310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,27]],"date-time":"2018-07-27T00:28:48Z","timestamp":1532651328000},"page":"3278-3293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["Metagenome analysis of Russian and Georgian Pyophage cocktails and a placebo\u2010controlled safety trial of single phage versus phage cocktail in healthy\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    carriers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4277-7753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shawna","family":"McCallin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental Microbiology University of Lausanne  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shafiqul A.","family":"Sarker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b)  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shamima","family":"Sultana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b)  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Oechslin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental Microbiology University of Lausanne  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4783-8583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harald","family":"Br\u00fcssow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Gene Technology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01789-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw387"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"143","article-title":"Preventive value of dried dysentery bacteriophage","volume":"45","author":"Babalova E. 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