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Since the stirred reactor environment eliminates many of the temporal and spatial variations that promote high diversity among microbial populations in nature, we were surprised that the reactors supported multiple taxa presumed to be autotrophic Fe(II) oxidizers based on their phylogeny. Metagenomic analyses of the reactor communities revealed differences in the metabolic potential of these taxa with respect to Fe(II) oxidation and carbon fixation pathways, acquisition of potentially growth\u2010limiting substrates and the ability to form biofilms. Our findings support the hypothesis that the long\u2010term co\u2010existence of multiple autotrophic Fe(II)\u2010oxidizing populations in the reactors are due to distinct metabolic potential that supports differential growth in response to limiting resources such as nitrogen, phosphorus and oxygen. Our data also highlight the role of biofilms in creating spatially distinct geochemical niches that enable the co\u2010existence of multiple taxa that occupy the same apparent metabolic niche when the system is viewed in bulk. The distribution of key metabolic functions across different co\u2010existing taxa supported functional redundancy and imparted process stability to these reactors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.15259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]],"date-time":"2020-09-29T23:49:11Z","timestamp":1601423351000},"page":"3682-3694","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Functional redundancy imparts process stability to acidic Fe(\n                    <scp>II<\/scp>\n                    )\u2010oxidizing microbial reactors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0507-7704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Ayala\u2010Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Pennsylvania State University  212 Sackett Building, University Park Pennsylvania 16802 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