{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T18:07:06Z","timestamp":1783966026399,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]],"date-time":"2025-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42090062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42090062"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["336168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["336168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Plasmid\u2010mediated conjugation is an important pathway for the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), posing a significant risk to global public health. It has been reported that the conjugative transfer of ARGs could be enhanced by oxidative stress. Whether endogenous glutathione (GSH), a major non\u2010protein thiol compound involved in cellular redox homeostasis, influences conjugative transfer is unknown. In this study, we show that the deletion of the GSH biosynthesis gene\n                    <jats:italic>gshA<\/jats:italic>\n                    and ampicillin exposure synergistically promoted the conjugative transfer of plasmid RP4 bearing multiple ARGs from the soil bacterium\n                    <jats:italic>Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. CZ\u20101 to\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    S17\u20101\u03bb\u03c0 in co\u2010culture experiments and to diverse soil bacteria belonging to eight phyla, including some potential human pathogens, in a soil incubation experiment. The deletion of\n                    <jats:italic>gshA<\/jats:italic>\n                    increased ROS generation and cell membrane permeability, and upregulated the expression of the genes involved in intracellular oxidative stress regulation, membrane permeability, plasmid replication, and the SOS response process, especially under ampicillin exposure. These results suggest that endogenous GSH is an important factor affecting the spread of plasmid\u2010borne ARGs. Exposure to antibiotics and environmental stresses that cause a depletion of endogenous GSH in\u00a0vivo are likely to increase the risk of ARG dissemination in the environment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.70106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]],"date-time":"2025-05-10T04:21:16Z","timestamp":1746850876000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ampicillin Exposure and Glutathione Deficiency Synergistically Promote Conjugative Transfer of Plasmid\u2010Borne Antibiotic Resistance Genes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Shu\u2010Yao","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ze\u2010Hao","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0164-169X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang\u2010Jie","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102672.1991.tb04454.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/17.4.409"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02241"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2005.03.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2014.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"CDC.2019.\u201cAntibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States 2019.\u201dAtlanta GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services CDC 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1114021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.02\u20100752rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010019\u201010542\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.04.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2022.114006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(22)02185\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.3.949\u2010954.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00779\u201006"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"569","article-title":"Susceptibility of Lens Epithelial Membrane SH Groups to Hydrogen Peroxide","volume":"30","author":"Hightower K. 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