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This mini\u2010review highlights the deep biosphere as a key but overlooked player in CCS operations across saline aquifers, depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs and basalt formations. It synthesizes evidence that microbial communities can both compromise and enhance CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    storage via processes like methanogenesis, sulfidogenesis, corrosion and carbonate mineralization. Drawing on insights from hydrocarbon extraction and early CCS case studies, the review emphasizes the need for comprehensive microbial and geochemical monitoring to assess risks and harness potential benefits. The authors advocate for a holistic biogeochemistry toolkit and cross\u2010sector collaboration to ensure safe, effective and microbiologically informed CCS deployment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.70195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T23:24:21Z","timestamp":1761261861000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Microbial Considerations for the Permanent Geological Storage of\n                    <scp>\n                      CO\n                      <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Sophie L.","family":"Nixon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leanne","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca L.","family":"Tyne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jngse.2019.103002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-024-01110-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5379.976"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42790-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2118\/207418-MS"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-020-0602-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2516\/ogst:2005038"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00099"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mspheredirect.00257\u201000217"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fenrg.2024.1340410"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ese3.510"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2020.03.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00286"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es501173p"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.146"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2015.03.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2011.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1101155"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-4105(02)00217-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12817"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijggc.2017.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","article-title":"Liverpool Bay Area CCS Project: Integrated Reservoir Study for a Successful CO2 Storage Planning","author":"Facchi G. 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