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Functional microorganisms can degrade ester\u2010containing pesticides in the natural environment. However, the microbial mechanisms responsible for their degradation in soils remain unclear. A novel hydrolase gene\n                    <jats:italic>triS<\/jats:italic>\n                    from the strain S113 encoded a broadly active carboxylesterase that hydrolyzes a wide range of ester\u2010containing pesticides. TriS exhibited a maximum sequence similarity of 34.92% to proteins in the Swiss\u2010Prot (UniProt) database. Gene redundancy was observed in strain S113, with TriS showing higher catalytic activity than its homologues. The enzyme contains a conserved Ser226\u2010Glu346\u2010His456 catalytic triad, and its substrate\u2010binding pocket can accommodate complex substrates, which contributes to its broad substrate spectrum and enhanced catalytic efficiency. Genomic analyses revealed that\n                    <jats:italic>triS<\/jats:italic>\n                    resides in a conserved locus, whereas related paralogs occupy more variable regions, suggesting potential horizontal dissemination. Bioinformatics\u2010based taxonomic profiling showed widespread occurrence of TriS homologues, mainly in agricultural soils, and also in forests and wetlands, indicating spread beyond pesticide\u2010treated fields. This study elucidated the function and distribution pattern of\n                    <jats:italic>triS<\/jats:italic>\n                    , enhancing our understanding of microbial ester\u2010containing pesticide degradation in the environment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.70398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:32:12Z","timestamp":1785889932000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Distribution and Evolutionary Signatures of a Broad\u2010Spectrum Pesticide\u2010Degrading Carboxylesterase\n                    <scp>TriS<\/scp>\n                    From Strain\n                    <scp>S113<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Yanning","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 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