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However, the bioweathering of FAP is still not fully elucidated. In this study, phosphate\u2010solubilising fungus (\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus niger<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) was firstly incubated in soil to examine the weathering of FAP, on both cross and longitudinal sections. It showed that the fungus induced more pronounced erosion channels on the cross section in a P\u2010deficient soil. The relative contributions of biological (phosphate\u2010solubilising fungus) and abiotic factors (CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and crystal face orientation) were contrasted. To further investigate the weathering contrasts on different sections of FAP, incubation was conducted in a culture medium. Fungal colonisation on the cross section of FAP resulted in local deeper P depletion zones and enriched secondary minerals (primarily calcium oxalate) than those on the longitudinal section. Additionally, elevated CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    increased FAP surface roughness (especially the cross section) and induced distinct surface microstructures, while the combined effects of elevated CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and fungal colonisation further modified the surface morphology, secondary mineral formation and subsequent conceivable bioweathering for FAP. Synergistic interactions between fungal colonisation and elevated CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    promoted FAP surface alteration, providing new insights into microscale fungus\u2010mineral interactions in soil microenvironments.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.70444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T03:56:17Z","timestamp":1791604577000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influences of\n                    <scp>\n                      CO\n                      <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    and Fungus\u2010Assisted Bioweathering on Apatite"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Mu","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Nanjing China"},{"name":"College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengjun","family":"Xian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingyi","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqing","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3900-719X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gilberto","family":"de Oliveira Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia e Fitopatologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Agr\u00e1rias Universidade Federal de Uberl\u00e2ndia  Monte Carmelo Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingzi","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing Jiangsu 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College  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey Michael","family":"Gadd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geomicrobiology Group, School of Life Sciences University of Dundee  Dundee Scotland, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2335-3744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing Jiangsu China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534\u2010005\u20101539\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55730\/1300\u20100985.1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2025.104033"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foreco.2007.01.088"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Experimental Study of Influence of Rocks and Minerals Chemical Composition and Surface Structure Over the Lithobiontic Fungi Colonies Morphology","volume":"37","author":"Bogomolova E.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mikologiya i 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