{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:11:18Z","timestamp":1790662278782,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]],"date-time":"2002-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1025481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,28]],"date-time":"2003-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1043712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":211,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["srcd.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Past research with the Berkeley Adult Attachment Interview demonstrates that retrospectively defined earned\u2013secures (who coherently describe negative childhood experiences) parent as effectively as do continuous\u2013secures (who coherently describe positive childhood experiences), but manifest liabilities in the form of depressive symptomatology. This article presents data from a 23\u2013year longitudinal study that replicate and extend prior research, testing a key premise that earned\u2013secures so defined actually have a history of insecure attachments that change over time and\/or endure consistently harsh or ineffective parenting in their youth. Discrepant with assumptions, retrospective earned\u2013secures were not more likely than continuous\u2013secures to have been anxiously attached in infancy and were observed in childhood and adolescence to have encountered among the most supportive and structured maternal parenting in a high\u2013risk sample. Prospectively defined earned\u2013secures (operationalized using participants\u2019 infant attachment classifications) did indeed go on to have success in their close relationships, many without reporting relatively high levels of internalizing distress in adulthood.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T04:17:36Z","timestamp":1047356256000},"page":"1204-1219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":165,"title":["Earned\u2013Secure Attachment Status in Retrospect and Prospect"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Glenn I","family":"Roisman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child Development, 51 East River Road, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Padr\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L Alan","family":"Sroufe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child Development, 51 East River Road, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byron","family":"Egeland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,28]]},"container-title":["Child Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2F1467-8624.00467","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/chidev\/article-pdf\/73\/4\/1204\/64641642\/1467-8624.00467.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/chidev\/article-pdf\/73\/4\/1204\/64641642\/1467-8624.00467.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T22:06:27Z","timestamp":1767996387000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/chidev\/article\/73\/4\/1204\/8283856"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1467-8624.00467","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-3920","1467-8624"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-3920","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-8624","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2003-01-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}