{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T14:11:27Z","timestamp":1789135887326,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Milbank Quarterly"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"box\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:caption>\n                          <jats:title>Policy Points<\/jats:title>\n                        <\/jats:caption>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                            <jats:list-item>\n                              <jats:p>Primary care, when done well, is the country's most cost\u2010effective solution to runaway costs and widening health outcome gaps.<\/jats:p>\n                            <\/jats:list-item>\n                            <jats:list-item>\n                              <jats:p>Primary care is increasingly starved for resources, with associated reductions in relational continuity and comprehensiveness that collectively increase the risk of losing patient trust.<\/jats:p>\n                            <\/jats:list-item>\n                            <jats:list-item>\n                              <jats:p>\n                                The 2021 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine report,\n                                <jats:italic>Implementing High\u2010Quality Primary Care: Rebuilding the Foundation of Health Care<\/jats:italic>\n                                , supported a cascade of federal initiatives to strengthen, coordinate, and create accountability for primary care strategies, and although several derailed, they remain options for improving health and health care. The 2021 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine report,\n                                <jats:italic>Implementing High\u2010Quality Primary Care: Rebuilding the Foundation of Health Care<\/jats:italic>\n                                , spurred a cascade of federal payment, access, and accountability initiatives, but inconsistent federal leadership has derailed several of them.\n                              <\/jats:p>\n                            <\/jats:list-item>\n                            <jats:list-item>\n                              <jats:p>Congressional and HHS health goals would benefit from reviving stalled primary care infrastructure projects, establish outcome accountability for graduate medical education investment, and build on state models in Maryland, Rhode Island, Vermont, and California.<\/jats:p>\n                            <\/jats:list-item>\n                          <\/jats:list>\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary care is the foundation of a high\u2010functioning health system, yet it has been weakened for decades, and the consequences for patients, population health, and costs are increasingly apparent. The 2021 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) report offered 16 recommendations across five objectives for rebuilding primary care through payment, access, workforce training, health information technology, and accountability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This Perspective reviews federal and state policy developments since the NASEM report against its five\u2010objective framework, examining payment demonstration models, minimum primary care spend legislation, graduate medical education financing, and federal data infrastructure initiatives to assess where reform has taken hold, stalled, or been abandoned amid shifting administration priorities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Partial payment successes, including the Advanced Primary Care Management code, the AHEAD model, and minimum\u2010spend policies in nearly a dozen states, demonstrate that reform is feasible. Yet inconsistent federal leadership has undermined progress: the Making Care Primary model was abruptly terminated, and several near\u2010complete Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality initiatives\u2014a primary care dashboard, Healthcare Extension Cooperatives, and a clinician\/practice database\u2014were lost amid the agency's proposed dissolution. Meanwhile, cuts to Affordable Care Act subsidies and Medicaid threaten to disrupt care for millions and widen mortality gaps. States are increasingly serving as policy laboratories, with Maryland, Rhode Island, Vermont, and California offering replicable models for payment and accountability reform.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The technical solutions needed to strengthen primary care largely already exist. What is missing is durable, coordinated federal and state investment paired with accountability. Securing primary care's future requires treating it as essential public infrastructure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0009.70127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T13:51:33Z","timestamp":1789134693000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The State of Primary Care in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"ROBERT L.","family":"PHILLIPS","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Professionalism &amp; Value in Health Care <i>American Board of Family Medicine<\/i>"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DEBORAH J.","family":"COHEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health Sciences University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ETHAN J.","family":"PHILLIPS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LAUREN S.","family":"HUGHES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eugene S. Farley Jr. Health Policy Center University of Colorado Anschutz"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ANDREW W.","family":"BAZEMORE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Professionalism &amp; Value in Health Care <i>American Board of Family Medicine<\/i>"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Primary Care: Concept, Evaluation, and Policy","author":"Starfield B","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468\u20100009.2005.00409.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","volume-title":"Implementing High\u2010Quality Primary Care: Rebuilding the Foundation of Health Care","author":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.7624"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M20\u20107381"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606\u2010021\u201007071\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.13734"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.1787"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.517"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.2961"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.1160"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"The relationship between continuity of care and trust with stage of cancer at diagnosis","volume":"36","author":"Mainous AG","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fam Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102017\u2010021161"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp20X712289"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/BJGP.2021.0340"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","unstructured":"JabbarpourY JettyA ByunH SiddiqiA PettersonS ParkJ.The health of US primary care: 2024 Scorecard Report\u2014no one can see you now. Milbank Memorial Fund and The Physicians Foundation. Published February 28 2024.https:\/\/www.milbank.org\/publications\/the\u2010health\u2010of\u2010us\u2010primary\u2010care\u20102024\u2010scorecard\u2010report\u2010no\u2010one\u2010can\u2010see\u2010you\u2010now\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services.HHS is taking action to strengthen primary care.Issue Brief. Published November 7 2023.https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/primary\u2010care\u2010issue\u2010brief.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","unstructured":"RawalP QuintonJ HughesD FowlerL.The CMS Innovation Center's strategy to support high\u2010quality primary care.CMS.gov[blog]; June 9 2023. Accessed August 20 2023.https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/blog\/cms\u2010innovation\u2010centers\u2010strategy\u2010support\u2010high\u2010quality\u2010primary\u2010care"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.Making Care Primary (MCP) Model. Accessed September 10 2023.https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/priorities\/innovation\/innovation\u2010models\/making\u2010care\u2010primary"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","unstructured":"CMS Administration.CMS Innovation Center announces model portfolio changes to better protect taxpayers and help Americans live healthier lives. Fact Sheet. Published March 12 2025. Accessed January 30 2026.https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/newsroom\/fact\u2010sheets\/cms\u2010innovation\u2010center\u2010announces\u2010model\u2010portfolio\u2010changes\u2010better\u2010protect\u2010taxpayers\u2010and\u2010help\u2010americans"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.AHEAD (Achieving Healthcare Efficiency Through Accountable Design) Model. Published November 19 2025. Accessed January 30 2026.https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/priorities\/innovation\/innovation\u2010models\/ahead"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.23933"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2413193"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","unstructured":"CMS Administration.Calendar year (CY) 2026 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Final Rule (CMS\u20101832\u2010F). Fact Sheet. Published October 31 2025. Accessed January 14 2026.https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/newsroom\/fact\u2010sheets\/calendar\u2010year\u2010cy\u20102026\u2010medicare\u2010physician\u2010fee\u2010schedule\u2010final\u2010rule\u2010cms\u20101832\u2010f"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/ANNALS\u201025\u201003638"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","unstructured":"GelmonS WallaceN SandbergB PetchelS BouranisN.Implementation of Oregon's PCPCH program: exemplary practice and program findings. Published September 2016. Accessed January 30 2026.https:\/\/www.oregon.gov\/oha\/HPA\/dsi\u2010pcpch\/Documents\/PCPCH\u2010Program\u2010Implementation\u2010Report\u2010Final\u2010Sept\u20102016.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21501319221141792"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.2308"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","volume-title":"The cost of neglect: how chronic underinvestment in primary care is failing US patients","author":"Jabbarpour Y","year":"2026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2018.05164"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1709538"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","unstructured":"State primary care investment hub. Primary Care Collaborative. Accessed October 5 2023.https:\/\/thepcc.org\/primary\u2010care\u2010investmenthttps:\/\/thepcc.org\/policy\/state\u2010investment\u2010hub\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.23.s1.8277"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamahealthforum.2024.0913"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","unstructured":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.Measuring primary healthcare spending. Published May 17 2024. Accessed March 17 2025.https:\/\/effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov\/products\/primary\u2010healthcare\u2010spending\/tech\u2010brief"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606\u2010018\u20104530\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"GottliebJD PolyakovaM RinzK ShiplettH UdalovaV.Who values human capitalists\u2019 human capital? The earnings and labor supply of U.S. physicians.National Bureau of Economic Research. Published July 2023. Accessed August 13 2026.http:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w31469","DOI":"10.3386\/w31469"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","unstructured":"H.R.1 (EH)\u2014One Big Beautiful Bill Act: An Act to Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Title II of H. Con. Res. 14.2025.https:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/app\/details\/BILLS\u2010119hr1eh"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","unstructured":"SwindleR GiovannelliJ.If expanded federal premium tax credits expire state affordability programs won't be enough to stem widespread coverage losses. Commonwealth Fund Issue Brief. Published September 25 2024.http:\/\/doi.org\/10.26099\/b88e\u2010jm82"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","unstructured":"RichardsC CollinsS.Enhanced premium tax credits for ACA health plans: who they help and who gets hurt if they're not extended. Commonwealth Fund Issue Brief. Published February 18 2025.http:\/\/doi.org\/10.26099\/a84c\u2010qg07"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","unstructured":"WilliamsE BurnsA EuhusR RudowitzR.Eliminating the Medicaid expansion federal match rate: state\u2010by\u2010state estimates. KFF. Published February 13 2025. Accessed January 30 2026.https:\/\/www.kff.org\/medicaid\/eliminating\u2010the\u2010medicaid\u2010expansion\u2010federal\u2010match\u2010rate\u2010state\u2010by\u2010state\u2010estimates\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","unstructured":"SearingA.How would changes to federal Medicaid expansion funding impact people in \u201ctrigger\u201d states and those with expansion enshrined in state constitutions? Center for Children and Families. Published April 30 2025. Accessed January 30 2026.https:\/\/ccf.georgetown.edu\/2025\/04\/30\/how\u2010would\u2010changes\u2010to\u2010federal\u2010medicaid\u2010expansion\u2010funding\u2010impact\u2010people\u2010in\u2010trigger\u2010states\u2010and\u2010those\u2010with\u2010expansion\u2010enshrined\u2010in\u2010state\u2010constitutions\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","unstructured":"ZiontsA.States facing doctor shortages ease licensing rules for foreign\u2010trained physicians. KFF Health News. Published March 3 2025. Accessed January 30 2026.https:\/\/kffhealthnews.org\/news\/article\/doctor\u2010shortages\u2010foreign\u2010licensing\u2010requirements\u2010loosened\u2010states\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606\u2010015\u20103555\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475\u20106773.14648"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2023.230430R1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2026.7194"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","volume-title":"Report on Residents: Executive Summary","author":"Association of American Medical Colleges","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME\u2010D\u201021\u201001143.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","unstructured":"Bureau of Health Workforce.Teaching Health Center Graduate Medical Education (THCGME): expanding the primary care workforce. Health Resources and Services Administration. Published September 2025. Accessed January 31 2026.https:\/\/bhw.hrsa.gov\/funding\/apply\u2010grant\/teaching\u2010health\u2010center\u2010graduate\u2010medical\u2010education"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2024.01297"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","first-page":"868","article-title":"Graduates of teaching health centers are more likely to enter practice in the primary care safety net","volume":"92","author":"Bazemore A","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","unstructured":"HeislerE MalloyM MendezB MitchellA PanangalaS VillagranaM.Federal support for graduate medical education. Congressional Research Service. Published August 19 2025. Accessed January 31 2026.https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/crs_external_products\/R\/PDF\/R48636\/R48636.1.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME\u2010D\u201024\u201000593.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME\u2010D\u201022\u201000879.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","unstructured":"Indian Health Service.Division of Academic Affairs. 2025. Accessed August 25 2026.https:\/\/www.ihs.gov\/OCPHI\/division\u2010of\u2010academic\u2010affairs\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","unstructured":"VillagranaM.Medicare graduate medical education 2025; 2025. Congressional Research Service. Accessed January 31 2026.https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/crs\u2010product\/IF13088"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","unstructured":"NCSL.Graduate medical education funding. National Conference of State Legislatures; January 9 2024. Accessed January 31 2026.https:\/\/www.ncsl.org\/health\/graduate\u2010medical\u2010education\u2010funding"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","unstructured":"CosgroveJ.Physician workforce: HHS needs better information to comprehensively evaluate graduate medical education funding; March 2018. United States Government Accountability Office. Accessed May 5 2024.https:\/\/www.gao.gov\/products\/gao\u201018\u2010240"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.CMS announces $50 billion in awards to strengthen rural health in all 50 states. Published December 29 2025. Accessed January 31 2026.https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/newsroom\/press\u2010releases\/cms\u2010announces\u201050\u2010billion\u2010awards\u2010strengthen\u2010rural\u2010health\u2010all\u201050\u2010states"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.06.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12801"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475\u20106773.14248"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","unstructured":"AAFP News Staff.AAFP urges withdrawal of proposed PSLF rule. AAFP News. Published September 15 2025. Accessed January 30 2026.https:\/\/www.aafp.org\/news\/government\u2010medicine\/public\u2010service\u2010loan\u2010forgiveness\u2010proposed\u2010rule.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.20905"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.18061"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.3793"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606\u2010023\u201008169\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.42687"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","volume-title":"The health of US primary care: a baseline scorecard tracking support for high\u2010quality primary care","author":"Jabbarpour Y","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","unstructured":"HCAI.Health of primary care in California annual snapshot. Accessed February 2 2026.https:\/\/hcai.ca.gov\/data\/initiatives\/health\u2010of\u2010primary\u2010care\u2010in\u2010ca\u2010annual\u2010snapshot\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_74_1","unstructured":"Virginia Center for Health Innovation.Virginia primary care scorecard. Accessed February 2 2026.https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/aFJnC\/6\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_1","unstructured":"Massachusetts primary care dashboard. Accessed February 2 2026.https:\/\/www.chiamass.gov\/massachusetts\u2010primary\u2010care\u2010dashboard\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_1","unstructured":"Standing Committee on Primary Care. Accessed January 13 2026.https:\/\/www.nationalacademies.org\/units\/HMD\u2010HCS\u201022\u201008\/events"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_1","unstructured":"National Academies of Sciences.Standing Committee on Primary Care\u2014September Public Meeting. September 18 2024. Accessed March 31 2025.https:\/\/www.nationalacademies.org\/event\/43570_09\u20102024_standing\u2010committee\u2010on\u2010primary\u2010care\u2010september\u2010public\u2010meeting#sl\u2010three\u2010columns\u2010be48f8be\u2010d64d\u201043da\u20108e8f\u20105967f19cc423"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_78_1","volume-title":"HHS Roadmap for Behavioral Health Integration (Issue Brief)","author":"Bagalman E","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamahealthforum.2022.2903"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_80_1","unstructured":"Department of Health and Human Services.Request for information (RFI): HHS initiative to strengthen primary health care.Fed Regist. Published June 27 2022. Accessed July 7 2022.38168\u201338170.https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2022\/06\/27\/2022\u201013632\/request\u2010for\u2010information\u2010rfi\u2010hhs\u2010initiative\u2010to\u2010strengthen\u2010primary\u2010health\u2010care"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_81_1","first-page":"29226","volume-title":"Building a Workforce to Develop and Sustain Interprofessional Primary Care Teams","author":"Committee on Developing and Sustaining Effective Interprofessional Primary Care Teams, Board on Health Care Services, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_82_1","first-page":"27985","volume-title":"Response to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services CY 2025 Advanced Primary Care Hybrid Payment Request for Information","author":"Committee on the Response to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services CY 2025 Advanced Primary Care Hybrid Payment Request for Information, Board on Health Care Services, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_83_1","first-page":"29259","volume-title":"Response to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services CY 2026 Physician Fee Schedule and Other Changes to Part B Payment and Coverage Policies Proposed Rule","author":"Committee on the Response to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services CY 2026 Physician Fee Schedule and Other Changes to Part B Payment and Coverage Policies Proposed Rule, Board on Health Care Services, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_84_1","first-page":"27929","volume-title":"Response to the Pay PCPs Act of 2024 Request for Information","author":"Committee on the Response to the \u201cPay PCPs Act of 2024\u201d Request for Information, Board on Health Care Services, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_85_1","first-page":"29069","volume-title":"Improving Primary Care Valuation Processes to Inform the Physician Fee Schedule","author":"Committee on Improving Primary Care Valuation Decisions for the Physician Fee Schedule by the Center for Medicare, Board on Health Care Services, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.23600"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamahealthforum.2022.5410"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_88_1","unstructured":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.Compendium of U.S. health systems. Accessed June 1 2026.https:\/\/www.ahrq.gov\/chsp\/data\u2010resources\/compendium.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606\u2010024\u201008627\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000004592"}],"container-title":["The Milbank Quarterly"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1468-0009.70127","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1468-0009.70127","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1468-0009.70127","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T13:51:51Z","timestamp":1789134711000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1468-0009.70127"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"references-count":89,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1468-0009.70127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1468-0009.70127","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0887-378X","1468-0009"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0887-378X","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-0009","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-09-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"1468-0009.70127"}}