{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T20:21:33Z","timestamp":1781295693354,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]],"date-time":"2023-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["312650"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["312650"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British Journal of Sociology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals who have congenital conditions or become disabled early in life tend to have poorer educational and occupational outcomes than non\u2010disabled individuals. Disability is known to be a complex entity with multiple causations, involving, inter alia, physiological, social, economic, and cultural factors. It is established that social factors can influence educational and occupational attainment for disabled people, and current disability policy in many countries, particularly in the Global North, stress the importance of equality of opportunity. However, there is a scarcity of research that explores the specific degrees to which advanced welfare states contribute to the equalization of life chances for individuals with early\u2010life impairments and chronic health conditions. In this study, we use a Norwegian sample of high\u2010quality register data on individuals with vision loss, hearing loss, physical impairment, type 1 diabetes, asthma, and Down syndrome diagnosed early in life and compare their intergenerational income mobility trajectories with a random sample drawn from the country's entire population. We find that individuals' early\u2010life diagnoses are linked to significantly worse income outcomes in adulthood than what is observed among the general population. We conclude that even in one of the most advanced egalitarian welfare states, such as Norway, much remains to be done to equalize life chances for individuals with early\u2010life impairments and chronic health conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-4446.13064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]],"date-time":"2023-11-13T16:48:26Z","timestamp":1699894106000},"page":"56-64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Early\u2010life impairments, chronic health conditions, and income mobility"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Alexi","family":"Gugushvili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology and Human Geography University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Therese","family":"Dokken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Welfare and Labour Research Oslo Metropolitan University  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Grue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology and Human Geography University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon Erik","family":"Finnvold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Welfare and Labour Research Oslo Metropolitan University  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rssm.2022.100678"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","volume-title":"Health inequality: An introduction to concepts, theories and methods second edi","author":"Bartley M.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000312240907400401"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00027162211022693"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ecoj.12334"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pnasnexus\/pgac012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-4446.12372"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-4446.12974","article-title":"Childhood disability, social class and social mobility: A neglected relationship","volume":"73","author":"Chatzitheochari S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"British Journal of Sociology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-78194-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203366974"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0254414"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116361"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03004279.2019.1664406"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11205\u2010018\u20101871\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1802508115"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckv111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"563","article-title":"The United Nations convention on the rights of persons with disabilities: New era or false dawn","volume":"34","author":"Lawson A.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11205\u2010018\u20101877\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09687599.2015.1021758"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10442073211043521"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13603116.2018.1503348"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","volume-title":"Frontiers of justice: Disability, nationality, species membership","author":"Nussbaum M. C.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-20895-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511520914"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315887456"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0968759042000252506"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15017410409512635"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","volume-title":"Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities (CRPD)","author":"United Nations","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckac055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00131911.2019.1566209"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/dev.2008.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889\u2010022\u201014195\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","volume-title":"The international classification of functioning, disability and health: ICF","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2012.93"}],"container-title":["The British Journal of Sociology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1468-4446.13064","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,20]],"date-time":"2024-01-20T08:06:33Z","timestamp":1705737993000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1468-4446.13064"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1468-4446.13064"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1468-4446.13064","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1315","1468-4446"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1315","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-4446","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-10-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}