{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T19:46:43Z","timestamp":1789588003453,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,28]],"date-time":"2003-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1048809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Child Psychology Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Individuals with Williams syndrome have good spontaneous language despite low levels of intelligence. This study explores the relationship between intelligence, word decoding and reading\u2010related skills in 20 individuals with Williams syndrome.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    In addition to the KBIT, the participants were administered standardized measures of reading, vocabulary, rapid naming, phonological skills and an experimental measure of rhyme judgement.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    There was wide variability in the reading achievement among the individuals with WS. While some participants were unable to recognize letters of the alphabet, others scored within the normal range of tests of single word reading and decoding. Reading scores were correlated with intelligence as measured on KBIT matrices but not with the vocabulary measures. Reading also correlated with phonological awareness tasks yet, surprisingly, not with rapid naming.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    It is suggested that in individuals with retardation, intelligence rather than language and language\u2010related skills predict achievements in word reading.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,9]],"date-time":"2005-03-09T20:25:44Z","timestamp":1110399944000},"page":"576-587","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Word reading and reading\u2010related skills in adolescents with Williams syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Yonata","family":"Levy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Tager\u2010Flusberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_17_2_1","first-page":"135","volume-title":"Learning to read: Basic research and its implications","author":"Algeria J.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2001.tb00213.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1598\/RRQ.26.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_5_1","volume-title":"Developmental test of visual motor integration","author":"Beery K.E.","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_6_1","first-page":"177","volume-title":"Language development in exceptional circumstances","author":"Bellugi U.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(89)90076-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_8_1","volume-title":"Atypical cognitive deficits in developmental disorders: Implications for brain functions","author":"Bellugi U.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0965(90)90053-B","article-title":"Syntactic competence and reading ability in children","volume":"48","author":"Bentin S.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.1991.tb00148.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02928178"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_12_1","volume-title":"Visuospatial processing in Williams and Down syndrome","author":"Bihrle A.M.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_13_1","first-page":"70","volume-title":"Advances in applied psycholinguistics","author":"Blanton L.P.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bradley L. &Bryant P.E.(1985).Rhyme and reason in reading and spelling. Ann Arbor:University of Michigan Press.","DOI":"10.3998\/mpub.7194"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(93)90043-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_16_1","volume-title":"Modularity and the motor theory of speech perception","author":"Bretelson P.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716400008870"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(93)90044-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-0277(98)00049-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_20_1","volume-title":"Language competence across populations: Toward a definition of SLI","author":"Clahsen H.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02643299008253433"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(93)90016-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(93)90016-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4303.595"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(76)90075-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11881-999-0018-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_27_1","unstructured":"Dilks D. Landau B. Hoffman J.E. &Seigfried J.(2001).Selective impairments in dorsal stream functions in Williams syndrome.Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_17_28_1","volume-title":"Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test: III Edition","author":"Dunn L.M.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_29_1","volume-title":"Differential Ability Scale","author":"Elliot C.D.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_30_1","volume-title":"Dyslexia: Integrating theory and practice","author":"Ellis N.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1987.tb02222.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117057"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_33_1","first-page":"301","volume-title":"Surface dyslexia","author":"Frith U.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.123.1.71"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_35_1","first-page":"57","article-title":"Working memory and language development: How close is the link","volume":"2","author":"Gathercole S.E.","year":"1990","journal-title":"The Psychologist,"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_36_1","first-page":"200","article-title":"Phonological memory deficits in language disordered children: Is there a causal connection","volume":"28","author":"Gathercole S.E.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Memory and Language,"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09658219408258940"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0965(86)90016-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724988843000113"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_40_1","first-page":"269","article-title":"Language analysis skills of children with mental retardation","volume":"29","author":"Gottardo A.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mental Retardation"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/135468097396342"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_42_1","volume-title":"Spared object recognition with profoud spatial deficits: Evidence from children with Williams syndrome","author":"Hoffman J.E.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00312"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.2307\/1131848","article-title":"Language and Williams syndrome: How intact is \u2018intact'?","volume":"68","author":"Karmiloff\u2010Smith A.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_45_1","volume-title":"Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test","author":"Kaufman A.S.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00769"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_47_1","first-page":"498","article-title":"Morphology in children with Williams syndrome: Evidence from Hebrew","author":"Levy Y.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 24th Boston University Conference on Language Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_48_1","volume-title":"Developmental Neuropsychology (Special Issue on WS)","author":"Levy Y."},{"key":"e_1_2_17_49_1","unstructured":"Levy Y.(in press b).Cognitive profile of Hebrew speaking children with Williams syndrome.Cortex."},{"key":"e_1_2_17_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008014722394"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02643298608252677"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1598\/RRQ.23.3.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_53_1","first-page":"76","volume-title":"Perspectives on dyslexia","author":"Mann V.A.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1975.tb03467.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_55_1","volume-title":"Mendelian inheritance in man: Catalog of autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive and X\u2010linked phenotypes","author":"McKusick V.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/4945.003.0009"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.271.5245.77"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_58_1","first-page":"315","article-title":"The ability\u2010achievement discrepancy: Does it contribute to an understanding of learning disability","volume":"12","author":"Meyer S.M.","year":"2000","journal-title":"International Psychology Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_59_1","volume-title":"The visual brain in action","author":"Milner A.D.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_60_1","first-page":"415","article-title":"The relationship between segmental analysis and alphabetic literacy: An interactive view","volume":"7","author":"Morais J.","year":"1987","journal-title":"CPC Cahiers de Psychologie Cognitive"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_61_1","volume-title":"Speech and reading \u2013 a comparative approach","author":"Morais J.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(93)90045-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jecp.1998.2453"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng753"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5448.2355"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_66_1","first-page":"283","article-title":"Phonemic knowledge and ability to read are reciprocal: A longitudinal study of first grade children","volume":"33","author":"Perfetti C.A.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Merrill-Palmer Quarterly"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/drev.1993.1013"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511582189"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_69_1","unstructured":"Rossen M. Jones W. Wang P.P. &Klima E.S.(1994).Face processing: Remarkable sparing in Williams syndrome.Paper presented at the conference on \u2018Building Bridges Across Discipline: Cognition to Gene\u2019. Williams Syndrome Association Sixth International Professional Conference San Diego."},{"key":"e_1_2_17_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(94)00645-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949202501003"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_72_1","volume-title":"Dyslexia: A cognitive developmental perspective","author":"Snowling M.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_73_1","first-page":"125","volume-title":"Dyslexia: Integrating theory and practice","author":"Stanovich K.E.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_74_1","first-page":"31","volume-title":"Dyslexia: Integrating theory and practice","author":"Stein J.F.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(88)90038-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/302214"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1990.tb16912.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_78_1","first-page":"90","volume-title":"Behavioral phenotypes","author":"Udwin O.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1987.tb00212.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01688639108401040"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(96)80007-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(96)80037-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221940003300207"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_84_1","volume-title":"The comprehensive test of phonological processing","author":"Wagner R.K.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.24.6.1311"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(91)90026-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/747978"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_88_1","first-page":"154","article-title":"Rate variables and automatized naming in developmental dyslexia","volume":"28","author":"Wolff P.H.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Brain and Language"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_89_1","volume-title":"Woodcock\u2010Johnson Psycho\u2010Educational Battery \u2013 Revised.","author":"Woodcock R.W.","year":"1990"}],"container-title":["Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2F1469-7610.00146","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2F1469-7610.00146","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1469-7610.00146","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T15:53:06Z","timestamp":1762185186000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1469-7610.00146"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,28]]},"references-count":88,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1469-7610.00146"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1469-7610.00146","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9630","1469-7610"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9630","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7610","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,28]]}}}