{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T12:35:53Z","timestamp":1791290153326,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,23]],"date-time":"2003-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1053648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Child Psychology Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The goal of this study was to investigate the automaticity\/cerebellar theory of dyslexia. We tested phonological skills and cerebellar function in a group of dyslexic 8\u201312\u2010year\u2010old children and their matched controls. Tests administered included the Phonological Assessment Battery, postural stability, bead threading, finger to thumb and time estimation.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Dyslexic children were found to be significantly poorer than the controls at all tasks but time estimation. About 77% of dyslexics were more than one standard deviation below controls in phonological ability, and 59% were similarly impaired in motor skills. However, at least part of the discrepancy in motor skills was due to dyslexic individuals who had additional disorders (ADHD and\/or DCD). The absence of evidence for a time estimation deficit also casts doubt on the cerebellar origin of the motor deficiency. About half the dyslexic children didn't have any motor problem, and there was no evidence for a causal relationship between motor skills on the one hand and phonological and reading skills on the other.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This study provides partial support for the presence of motor problems in dyslexic children, but does not support the hypothesis that a cerebellar dysfunction is the cause of their phonological and reading impairment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,23]],"date-time":"2003-05-23T11:27:25Z","timestamp":1053689245000},"page":"712-722","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":217,"title":["The relationship between motor control and phonology in dyslexic children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Franck","family":"Ramus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Pidgeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uta","family":"Frith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_17_2_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th edn)","author":"American Psychiatric Association.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/301419a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.6.781"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/122.10.1901"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_6_1","article-title":"The role of output speech in literacy acquisition: Evidence from congenital anarthria","author":"Cossu G.","journal-title":"Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal."},{"key":"e_1_2_17_7_1","first-page":"405","volume-title":"Cognitive processes in spelling","author":"Cromer R.F.","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_8_1","volume-title":"Dyslexia: A neuroscientific approach","author":"Denckla M.B.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1985.04060030042008"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_10_1","volume-title":"The physiology and pathology of the cerebellum","author":"Dow R.S.","year":"1958"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00650"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00222895.1995.9941713"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_13_1","volume-title":"The Dyslexia Screening Test","author":"Fawcett A.J.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02648179"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_15_1","first-page":"263","volume-title":"Foundations of language development","author":"Fourcin A.J.","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-407-00007-0.50009-4","volume-title":"Language, cognitive deficits and retardation","author":"Fourcin A.J.","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_17_1","volume-title":"Phonological Assessment Battery","author":"Frederickson N.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03033910.1989.10557776"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002383097501800405"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(00)01897-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1989.1.2.136"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00742"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-9457(98)00010-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.208"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200204160-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0041906"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/11.2.148"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_28_1","article-title":"A motor theory of speech perception","author":"Liberman A.M.","year":"1963","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Speech Communication Seminar, Paper D3"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(85)90021-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7433985"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089892900562570"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(90)90013-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_33_1","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Reaction times and dyslexia. 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