{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T12:58:57Z","timestamp":1788872337629,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,16]],"date-time":"2014-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1397606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Project Grant","award":["#1028543"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#1028543"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To investigate changes in tobacco smoking in two consecutive pregnancies and factors associated with the change.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n Population\u2010based cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting<\/jats:title>\n \n New\n S<\/jats:styled-content>\n outh\n W<\/jats:styled-content>\n ales,\n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n ustralia, 2000\u201310.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Population<\/jats:title>\n A total of 183\u00a0385 women having first and second singleton pregnancies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses of perinatal data linked to hospital admission data.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n Proportion of women smoking during their first pregnancy who quit by their second, and of women not smoking in their first pregnancy who did smoke during their second.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Among 22\u00a0761 smokers in the first pregnancy, 33.5% had quit by their second. Among 160\u00a0624 non\u2010smokers in their first pregnancy, 3.6% smoked during their second. Women who were aged \u226525\u00a0years, were married, born in a non\u2010English speaking country, used private obstetric care, and lived in a socio\u2010economically advantaged area were more likely to quit or less likely to start smoking in the second pregnancy. Smokers who had gestational hypertension (adjusted odds ratio [\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ] 1.36, 95% confidence interval [95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ] 1.23\u20131.51), a large\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age infant (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.66, 95% CI, 1.46\u20131.89), and a stillbirth (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.44, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.06\u20131.94) were more likely to quit, whereas smokers whose infant was small\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 0.65, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 0.60\u20130.70) or admitted to special care nursery (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 0.87, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 0.81\u20130.94) were less likely to quit. Among non\u2010smokers in the first pregnancy, the risk of smoking in the second pregnancy increased with late antenatal attendance (e.g. \u226526\u00a0weeks,\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.30, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.14\u20131.48), gestational diabetes (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.25, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.07\u20131.45), preterm birth (e.g. spontaneous,\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.25, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.10\u20131.43), caesarean section (e.g. prelabour,\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.13, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.01\u20131.26), and infant small\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.37, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.26\u20131.48) or required special care nursery (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.14, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.06\u20131.23). Inter\u2010pregnancy interval of \u22653\u00a0years was associated with either change in smoking status.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Most smokers continue to smoke in their next pregnancy, even among those who experienced poor outcomes. Intensive interventions should be explored and offered to women at the highest risk.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,16]],"date-time":"2014-04-16T02:47:29Z","timestamp":1397616449000},"page":"1611-1620","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Change in smoking status during two consecutive pregnancies: a population\u2010based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"DT","family":"Tran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Research University of Western Sydney Penrith NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CL","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research Kolling Institute of Medical Research University of Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LR","family":"Jorm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Research University of Western Sydney Penrith NSW Australia"},{"name":"The Sax Institute Haymarket NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Seeho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research Kolling Institute of Medical Research University of Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Havard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Research University of Western Sydney Penrith NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340802179814"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2009.104232"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.06.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-10-24"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200410001669187"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","volume-title":"Clinical Practice Guidelines: Antenatal Care \u2013 Module 1","author":"Australian Health Ministers\u2019 Advisory Council","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.01864.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"CD001055","article-title":"Interventions for promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy","author":"Lumley J","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2009.00098.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026276419551"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5993\/AJHB.31.6.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/nts147"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","volume-title":"Tobacco in Australia: Facts and issues","author":"Scollo M","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","volume-title":"Supporting Smoking Cessation: A Guide for Health Professionals","author":"Zwar N","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","volume-title":"Women and Smoking (College Statement C\u2010Gen 5)","author":"The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2008.00907.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-003692"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","volume-title":"Census Data and Analysis\u2010TableBuilder","author":"Australian Bureau of Statistics","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","volume-title":"New South Wales Mothers and Babies 2009","author":"Centre for Epidemiology and Research","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","volume-title":"The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, Australian Modification (ICD\u201010\u2010AM)","author":"National Centre for Classification in Health","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","unstructured":"Centre for Health Record Linkage.Master Linkage Key[Online].Centre for Health Record Linkage;2011[www.cherel.org.au\/our-services]. 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