{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T06:09:50Z","timestamp":1793081390959,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,21]],"date-time":"2014-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1400630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["491205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["491205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the prevalence of maternal depression from pregnancy to 4\u00a0years postpartum, and the risk factors for depressive symptoms at 4\u00a0years postpartum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective pregnancy cohort study of nulliparous women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      elbourne,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ustralia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Sample<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In all, 1507 women completed baseline data in pregnancy (mean gestation 15\u00a0weeks).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women were recruited from six public hospitals. Questionnaires were completed at recruitment and 3, 6, 12 and 18\u00a0months postpartum, and 4\u00a0years postpartum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Scores \u226513 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were used to indicate depressive symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Almost one in three women reported depressive symptoms at least once in the first 4\u00a0years after birth. The prevalence of depressive symptoms at 4\u00a0years postpartum was 14.5%, and was higher than at any time\u2010point in the first 12\u00a0months postpartum. Women with one child at 4\u00a0years postpartum were more likely to report depressive symptoms at this time compared with women with subsequent children (22.9 versus 11.3%), and this association remained significant in adjusted models (Adjusted odds ratio 1.71, 95% confidence interval 1.12\u20132.63).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maternal depression is more common at 4\u00a0years postpartum than at any time in the first 12\u00a0months postpartum, and women with one child at 4\u00a0years postpartum report significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms than women with subsequent children. There is a need for scaling up of current services to extend surveillance of maternal mental health to cover the early years of parenting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,16]],"date-time":"2014-05-16T06:31:34Z","timestamp":1400221894000},"page":"312-321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":146,"title":["Maternal depression from early pregnancy to 4\u00a0years postpartum in a prospective pregnancy cohort study: implications for primary health care"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"H","family":"Woolhouse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Mothers Healthy Families Murdoch Childrens Research Institute and Royal Children's Hospital Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Gartland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Mothers Healthy Families Murdoch Childrens Research Institute and Royal Children's Hospital Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Mensah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit Murdoch Childrens Research Institute and Royal Children's Hospital Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SJ","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Mothers Healthy Families Murdoch Childrens Research Institute and Royal Children's Hospital Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"General Practice and Primary Health Care Academic Centre University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. 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