{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T23:29:37Z","timestamp":1787873377798,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]],"date-time":"2014-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1405382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Urodynamics is widely used in the investigation of urinary incontinence. The existing evidence questions its add\u2010on value in improving the outcome of surgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUI<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the surgical outcomes in women with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUI<\/jats:styled-content> or stress\u2010predominant mixed urinary incontinence (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MUI<\/jats:styled-content>) based on urodynamic diagnoses compared with diagnoses based on office evaluation without urodynamics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Search strategy<\/jats:title><jats:p>We searched Cochrane, MedLine, Embase, CINAHL, LILACS, <jats:italic>meta<\/jats:italic>Register of Controlled Trials (<jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>) and Google Scholar databases from inception until March 2013.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Selection criteria<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included randomised controlled trials (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>s) comparing surgical outcomes in women investigated by urodynamics and women who had office evaluation only.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data collection and analysis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two independent reviewers (S.R. and P.L.) extracted the data and analysed it using <jats:sc>review manager<\/jats:sc> (<jats:sc>revman<\/jats:sc>) 5.2 software.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 388 articles identified, only four <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>s met our criteria. The data from one study are as yet unpublished. In the other three <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>s, the women with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUI<\/jats:styled-content> or stress\u2010predominant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MUI<\/jats:styled-content> were randomised either to office evaluation and urodynamics (<jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>388) or to office evaluation only (<jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>387). There was no statistical difference in the risk ratio (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>) of subjective cure in the two groups (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.02, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.90\u20131.15, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.79, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a045%), objective cure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.01, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.93\u20131.11, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.28, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a020%) or complications such as voiding dysfunction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.54, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.61\u20133.89, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.27, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a018%) or urinary urgency (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content> 0.80, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.28\u20132.3, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.19, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a040%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Authors' conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In women undergoing primary surgery for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUI<\/jats:styled-content> or stress\u2010predominant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MUI<\/jats:styled-content> without voiding difficulties, urodynamics does not improve outcomes \u2013 as long as the women undergo careful office evaluation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]],"date-time":"2014-07-15T18:32:16Z","timestamp":1405449136000},"page":"8-16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Does preoperative urodynamics improve outcomes for women undergoing surgery for stress urinary incontinence? A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Rachaneni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Birmingham Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Latthe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"S3","article-title":"The definition, prevalence, and risk factors for stress urinary incontinence","volume":"6","author":"Luber KM","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Urol"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"CD008224","article-title":"Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce the risk of urinary tract infections after urodynamic studies","author":"Foon R","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.12.1446"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.12007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f5170"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"CD003195","article-title":"Urodynamic studies for management of urinary incontinence in children and adults","author":"Glazener CM","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22328"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-12-169"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22230"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1113595"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1569-9056(10)60682-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7121.1493"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01901248"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","article-title":"Randomised study of ambulatory urodynamics versus symptomatic treatment of symptomatic women without a urodynamic diagnoses","author":"Khullar V","year":"2000","journal-title":"ICS"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/003655900750016544"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.05.139"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20810"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.21130"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3072"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1100\/tsw.2008.159"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2008.08121.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.11.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-009-1035-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0302-2838(02)00494-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","first-page":"413","volume-title":"Dynamic testing. 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