{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:18:44Z","timestamp":1789989524885,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,17]],"date-time":"2015-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the prevalence, severity and relation to fluid retention of self\u2010reported pregnancy\u2010related carpal tunnel syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content>) symptoms in a large sample of pregnant women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective longitudinal cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dutch women who became pregnant between January 2013 and January 2014 in the southeast of The Netherlands.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population or sample<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 639 Dutch pregnant women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Baseline characteristics were assessed at 12\u00a0weeks\u2019 gestation. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms were assessed using the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCTQ<\/jats:styled-content>) at 32\u00a0weeks and during the first postpartum week regarding the last weeks of pregnancy. Fluid retention, sleeping problems and depressive symptoms (using the Edinburgh Depression Scale) were assessed at several time points during pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCTQ<\/jats:styled-content> scores, fluid retention and sleeping problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 639 women, 219 (34%) reported <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms during pregnancy. Total mean scores on the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCTQ<\/jats:styled-content> were significantly higher after 32\u00a0weeks\u2019 than up to 32\u00a0weeks\u2019 gestation. Most women experienced mild to moderate symptoms. Pregnant women with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms reported significantly higher levels of fluid retention during gestation compared with pregnant women without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms [<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a060.6, df (1598), <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001], adjusted for body mass index (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>), age, parity, and depression scores. Higher scores on fluid retention throughout the pregnancy were significantly related to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.8, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.5, 2.1, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001). Finally, the occurrence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> was independently related to sleeping problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although the severity of symptoms and functional impairment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> were relatively mild, health care professionals should be aware of the high prevalence. The occurrence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms is significantly higher in women who report fluid retention during gestation and it can contribute to sleeping problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,17]],"date-time":"2015-03-17T07:14:11Z","timestamp":1426576451000},"page":"1112-1118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Prevalence, course and determinants of carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms during pregnancy: a prospective study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Meems","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology Tilburg University Tilburg The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SEM","family":"Truijens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology M\u00e1xima Medical Centre Veldhoven The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Spek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology Tilburg University Tilburg The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LH","family":"Visser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology St Elisabeth Hospital Tilburg the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"VJM","family":"Pop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology Tilburg University Tilburg The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199312303292707"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001206010069"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.2.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"516","article-title":"Metaanalysis for the evaluation of risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) Part II. 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