{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:00:45Z","timestamp":1791925245902,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,28]],"date-time":"2015-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1K23HD067224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1K23HD067224"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1UL1TR001067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1UL1TR001067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to assess the presence of newly acquired preterm birth (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTB<\/jats:styled-content>) risk factors among primiparous women with no prior history of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTB<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case\u2013control study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Deliveries occurring within a large healthcare system from 2002 to 2012.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women with their first two consecutive pregnancies carried to \u226520<jats:sup>0\/7<\/jats:sup>\u00a0weeks\u2019 gestation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Those delivering the first pregnancy at term and the second preterm \u226520<jats:sup>0\/7<\/jats:sup> and &lt;37<jats:sup>0\/7<\/jats:sup>\u00a0weeks (term\u2010preterm cases) were compared with women with a term birth in their first two pregnancies (term\u2010term controls). Social factors with the potential to change between the first and second pregnancies and intrapartum labour characteristics in the first pregnancy were compared between cases and controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Risk factors for term\u2010preterm sequence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>About 38\u00a0215 women met inclusion criteria; 1353 (3.8%) were term\u2010preterm cases. Cases and controls were similar with regard to race\/ethnicity and maternal age at the time of the first and second deliveries. Cases delivered their second pregnancy approximately 3\u00a0weeks earlier (35.7 versus 39.1, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001). In multivariable models accounting for known <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTB<\/jats:styled-content> risk factors, women with a caesarean delivery in the first pregnancy [adjusted odds ratio (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aOR<\/jats:styled-content>)\u00a0=\u00a02.20; 95% confidence interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.57\u20133.08], new tobacco use (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aOR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a02.33; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.61\u20133.38), and an interpregnancy interval &lt;18\u00a0months (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aOR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.37; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.21\u20131.55) were at increased risk of term\u2013preterm sequence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Caesarean delivery in the first pregnancy, new tobacco use, and short interpregnancy interval &lt;18\u00a0months are significant risk factors for term\u2010preterm sequence. Women should receive postpartum counselling regarding appropriate interpregnancy interval and cessation of tobacco use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Caesarean delivery in the 1st pregnancy is a significant risk factor for preterm birth following a term delivery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,28]],"date-time":"2015-09-28T09:01:18Z","timestamp":1443430878000},"page":"1772-1778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Risk factors associated with preterm birth after a prior term delivery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"LF","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA"},{"name":"Department of Maternal\u2010Fetal Medicine Intermountain Healthcare Salt Lake 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