{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T06:27:42Z","timestamp":1780468062275,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,10]],"date-time":"2015-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1447113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004726","name":"Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004726","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the impact of antenatal corticosteroid therapy on mortality and severe morbidities in preterm, small\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content>) neonates compared with preterm non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> neonates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Population\u2010based study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting\/population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Israel National Very Low Birth Weight infant database from 1995\u20132012.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Singleton infants of 24\u201331\u00a0weeks\u2019 gestation, without major malformations. Antenatal corticosteroids were considered either any treatment or no treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the effect of antenatal corticosteroids on neonatal mortality and a composite adverse outcome of mortality or severe neonatal morbidity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the 10\u00a0887 study infants, 1771 were <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content>. Of these, 70.4% of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> and 66.7% of non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> neonates were exposed to antenatal corticosteroids. Among <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> neonates, antenatal corticosteroids were associated with decreased mortality (32.2 versus 19.3%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) and composite adverse outcome (54.1 versus 43.4%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001), similar to the effect in non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> neonates (mortality 26.7 versus 12.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001; composite outcome 50.5 versus 34.6%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). Multivariable logistic regression analyses demonstrated a 50% reduction in mortality risk among <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> and 57% reduction in non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> neonates exposed to corticosteroids [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.50, 95% confidence interval (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) 0.39\u20130.64 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.43, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.38\u20130.47, respectively], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value for interaction\u00a0=\u00a00.08. Composite adverse outcome risk was significantly reduced in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.67, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.54\u20130.83) and non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> infants (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.57, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.52\u20130.63), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value for interaction =<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.04.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antenatal corticosteroids significantly reduced mortality and severe morbidities among preterm <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> neonates, with slightly a less pronounced effect compared with non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> preterm infants. Antenatal corticosteroids should be given to fetuses suspected of intrauterine growth retardation, at risk for preterm delivery, in order to improve perinatal outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antenatal steroids reduced mortality and severe morbidities among singleton, preterm <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> neonates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13723","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,10]],"date-time":"2015-11-10T11:44:49Z","timestamp":1447155889000},"page":"1779-1786","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Antenatal corticosteroid treatment in singleton, small\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age infants born at 24\u201331\u00a0weeks\u2019 gestation: a population\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Riskin\u2010Mashiah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion\u2010Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Riskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion\u2010Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Bnai Zion Medical Centre Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Bader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion\u2010Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Bnai Zion Medical Centre Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Kugelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion\u2010Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Bnai Zion Medical Centre Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Boyko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women and Children's Health Research Unit Gertner Institute Tel Hashomer Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Lerner\u2010Geva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women and Children's Health Research Unit Gertner Institute Tel Hashomer Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel\u00a0Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Reichman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women and Children's Health Research Unit Gertner Institute Tel Hashomer Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel\u00a0Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"in collaboration with the Israel Neonatal Network","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"NIH.Effect of corticosteroids for fetal maturation on perinatal outcomes. 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