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Cord blood <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> was extracted and hybridised to gene expression arrays. Differentially regulated genes were identified using paired <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010tests and the Benjamini\u2013Hochberg correction. Functional analyses were performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, Bio<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GPS<\/jats:styled-content> and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis with a fetal\u2010specific annotation. <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2010scores \u22652.0 or <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010values &lt;0.01 were considered significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measure<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functions of differentially regulated genes in fetuses of obese women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 701 differentially regulated genes were identified, producing an expression profile implicating neurodegeneration, decreased survival of sensory neurons, and decreased neurogenesis in the fetuses of obese women. Upstream regulators related to inflammatory signalling were significantly activated; those related to insulin receptor signalling, lipid homeostasis, regulation of axonal guidance, and\u00a0cellular response to oxidative stress were significantly inhibited. Of 26 tissue\u2010specific genes that were differentially regulated in fetuses of obese women, six mapped to the fetal brain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal obesity affects fetal gene expression at term, implicating dysregulated brain development, inflammatory and immune signalling, glucose and lipid homeostasis, and oxidative stress. This may have implications for postnatal neurodevelopment and metabolism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fetal cord blood transcriptome in obese women suggests neurodevelopmental and metabolic programming effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13795","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,29]],"date-time":"2015-12-29T12:28:53Z","timestamp":1451392133000},"page":"180-189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Assessing the fetal effects of maternal obesity via transcriptomic analysis of cord blood: a prospective case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"AG","family":"Edlow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mother Infant Research Institute and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tufts Medical Center Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Hui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mother Infant Research Institute and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tufts Medical Center Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Department of Perinatal Medicine Mercy Hospital for Women Heidelberg Vic. 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