{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T01:35:50Z","timestamp":1792892150169,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,8]],"date-time":"2015-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN267200603425C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN267200603425C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR000101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR000101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1RR031975"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1RR031975"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To estimate the incidence and risk of complications associated with a fetal scalp electrode and to determine whether its application in the setting of operative vaginal delivery was associated with increased neonatal morbidity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve clinical centers with 19 hospitals across nine American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content> districts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">USA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated 171\u00a0698 women with singleton deliveries \u2265\u00a023\u00a0weeks of gestation in a secondary analysis of the Consortium on Safe Labor study between 2002 and 2008, after excluding conditions that precluded fetal scalp electrode application such as prelabour caesarean delivery. Secondary analysis limited to operative vaginal deliveries \u2265\u00a034\u00a0weeks of gestation was also performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Incidences and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals of neonatal complications were calculated, controlling for maternal characteristics, delivery mode and pregnancy complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fetal scalp electrode was used in 37\u00a0492 (22%) of deliveries. In non\u2010operative vaginal delivery, fetal scalp electrode was associated with increased risk of injury to scalp due to birth trauma (1.2% versus 0.9%; adjusted odds ratios 1.62; 95% confidence intervals 1.41\u20131.86) and cephalohaematoma (1.0% versus 0.9%; adjusted odds ratios 1.57; 95% confidence intervals 1.36\u20131.83). Neonatal complications were not significantly different comparing fetal scalp electrode with vacuum\u2010assisted vaginal delivery and vacuum\u2010assisted vaginal delivery alone or comparing fetal scalp electrode with forceps\u2010assisted vaginal delivery and forceps\u2010assisted vaginal delivery alone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found increased neonatal morbidity with fetal scalp electrode though the absolute risk was very low. It is possible that these findings reflect an underlying indication for its use. Our findings support the use of fetal scalp electrodes when clinically indicated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neonatal risks associated with fetal scalp electrode use were low (injury to scalp 1.2% and cephalohaematoma 1.0%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]],"date-time":"2015-12-09T04:01:04Z","timestamp":1449633664000},"page":"1797-1803","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Neonatal complications associated with use of fetal scalp electrode: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"T","family":"Kawakita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology MedStar Washington Hospital Center Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"UM","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology MedStar Washington Hospital Center Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HJ","family":"Landy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology MedStar Georgetown University Hospital Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SN","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology MedStar Washington Hospital Center Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u2010C","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology MedStar Health Research Institute Hyattsville MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KL","family":"Grantz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology MedStar Washington Hospital Center Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181aef106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)35130-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.60.3.267"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(83)91039-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(77)90742-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.74.1.81","article-title":"Septic dermatitis of the neonatal scalp and maternal endomyometritis with intrapartum internal fetal monitoring","volume":"74","author":"Wagener MM","year":"1984","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"28","article-title":"Coping with complications from fetal scalp electrodes. 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