{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T07:11:48Z","timestamp":1789542708215,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,2]],"date-time":"2016-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002141","name":"Public Health England","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To estimate the incidence of congenital syphilis in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting and population<\/jats:title><jats:p>United Kingdom.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children born between February 2010 and January 2015 with a suspected diagnosis of congenital syphilis were reported through an active surveillance system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Number of congenital syphilis cases and incidence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>For all years, reported incidence was below the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO<\/jats:styled-content> threshold for elimination (&lt;0.5\/1000 live births). Seventeen cases (12 male, five female) were identified. About 50% of infants (8\/17) were born preterm (&lt;37\u00a0weeks' gestation): median birthweight 2000\u00a0g (865\u20133170\u00a0g). Clinical presentation varied from asymptomatic to acute disease, including severe anaemia, hepatosplenomegaly, rhinitis, thrombocytopaenia, skeletal damage, and neurosyphilis. One infant was deaf and blind. Median maternal age was 20\u00a0years (17\u201331) at delivery. Where maternal stage of infection was recorded, 6\/10 had primary, 3\/10 secondary and 1\/10 early latent syphilis. Most mothers were white (13\/16). Country of birth was recorded for 12 mothers: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>6), Eastern Europe (<jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>3), Middle East (<jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>1), and South East Asia (<jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>2). The social circumstances of mothers varied and included drug use and sex work. Some experienced difficulty accessing health care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of congenital syphilis is controlled and monitored by healthcare services and related surveillance systems, and is now below the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO<\/jats:styled-content> elimination threshold. However, reducing the public health impact of this preventable disease in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content> is highly dependent on the successful implementation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO<\/jats:styled-content> elimination standards across Europe.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Congenital syphilis incidence in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content> is at a very low level and well below the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO<\/jats:styled-content> elimination threshold.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,2]],"date-time":"2016-03-02T06:00:55Z","timestamp":1456898455000},"page":"72-77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["The incidence of congenital syphilis in the United Kingdom: February 2010 to January 2015"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"I","family":"Simms","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV &amp; STI Department Public Health England Colindale London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PA","family":"Tookey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Institute of Child Health University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BT","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Bartholomew's Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Lyall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV &amp; STI Department Public Health England Colindale London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CL","family":"Townsend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Institute of Child Health University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Fifer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Reference Unit Public Health England Colindale London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Ison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Reference Unit Public Health England Colindale London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2009.040139"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000149848.03733.c1","article-title":"The re\u2010emergence of syphilis in the UK: the new epidemic phases","volume":"32","author":"Simms I","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","unstructured":"CDSC.Outbreak of heterosexually acquired syphilis in Cambridgeshire. 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