{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T03:22:23Z","timestamp":1762917743017},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,31]],"date-time":"2017-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01\u2010HD\u2010050062","U01\u2010HD\u2010050078","U01\u2010HD\u2010050080","U01\u2010HD\u2010050088","U01\u2010HD\u2010050094","5K23HD067224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01\u2010HD\u2010050062","U01\u2010HD\u2010050078","U01\u2010HD\u2010050080","U01\u2010HD\u2010050088","U01\u2010HD\u2010050094","5K23HD067224"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare maternal genotypes between women with and without significant prolongation of pregnancy in the setting of 17\u2010alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17\u2010P) administration for the prevention of recurrent preterm birth (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTB<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case\u2013control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three tertiary\u2010care centres across the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">USA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a099) with \u2265\u00a01 prior singleton spontaneous <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTB<\/jats:styled-content>, receiving 17\u2010P.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women were classified as having successful prolongation of pregnancy during the 17\u2010P treated pregnancy, in two ways: (1) Definition A: success\/non\u2010success based on difference in gestational age at delivery between 17\u2010P\u2010treated and untreated pregnancies (success: delivered \u2265\u00a03\u00a0weeks later with 17\u2010P) and (2) Definition B: success\/non\u2010success based on reaching term (success: delivered at term with 17\u2010P).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess genetic variation, all women underwent whole exome sequencing. Between\u2010group sequence variation was analysed with the Variant Annotation, Analysis, and Search Tool (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VAAST<\/jats:styled-content>). Genes scored by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VAAST<\/jats:styled-content> with <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05 were then analysed with two online tools: (1) Protein <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AN<\/jats:styled-content>alysis <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TH<\/jats:styled-content>rough Evolutionary Relationships (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PANTHER<\/jats:styled-content>) and (2) Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DAVID<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using Definition A, there were 70 women with successful prolongation and 29 without; 1375 genes scored by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VAAST<\/jats:styled-content> had <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05. Using Definition B, 47 women had successful prolongation and 52 did not; 1039 genes scored by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VAAST<\/jats:styled-content> had <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PANTHER<\/jats:styled-content> revealed key differences in gene ontology pathways. Many genes from definition A were classified as prematurity genes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.026), and those from definition B as pharmacogenetic genes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0018); (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>, non\u2010significant after Bonferroni correction).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A novel analytic approach revealed several genetic differences among women delivering early <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> later with 17\u2010P.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Several key genetic differences are present in women with recurrent preterm birth despite 17\u2010P treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,31]],"date-time":"2017-01-31T11:29:19Z","timestamp":1485862159000},"page":"343-350","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pharmacogenomics of 17\u2010alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate for recurrent preterm birth: a case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"TA","family":"Manuck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City UT USA"},{"name":"Intermountain Healthcare Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine Salt Lake City UT USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine University of North Carolina\u2010Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 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