{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:53:19Z","timestamp":1790833999513,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]],"date-time":"2017-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G0701757"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G0701757"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["084840"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["084840"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000276","name":"Department of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000276","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000853","name":"University of Glasgow","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MC_UU_12017\u201011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MC_UU_12017\u201011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000853","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To estimate the prevalence of painful sex among women in Britain, and to explore associated sexual, relationship and health factors that should be considered in assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multi\u2010stage, clustered and stratified population probability sample survey, using computer\u2010assisted self\u2010interview. Sample frame was the British Postcode Address File.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants interviewed at home between 2010 and 2012.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Sample<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 15\u00a0162 adults aged 16\u201374\u00a0years (8869 women). Data reported from 6669 sexually active women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Age\u2010adjusted logistic regressions to examine associations between painful sex and indicators of sexual, relational, mental and physical health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measure<\/jats:title><jats:p>Physical pain as a result of sex for \u22653\u00a0months in the past year, plus measures of symptom severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Painful sex was reported by 7.5% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 6.7\u20138.3) of sexually active women, of whom one\u2010quarter experienced symptoms very often or always, for \u22656\u00a0months, and causing distress. Reporting painful sex was strongly associated with other sexual function problems, notably vaginal dryness (age adjusted odds ratio 7.9; 6.17\u201310.12), anxiety about sex (6.34; 4.76\u20138.46) and lacking enjoyment in sex (6.12; 4.81\u20137.79). It was associated with sexual relationship factors [such as not sharing same level of interest in sex (2.56; 1.97\u20133.33)], as well as with adverse experiences such as non\u2010volitional sex (2.17; 1.68\u20132.80). Associations were also found with measures of psychological and physical health, including depressive symptoms (1.68; 1.28\u20132.21).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Painful sex is reported by a sizeable minority of women in Britain. Health professionals should be supported to undertake holistic assessment and treatment which takes account of the sexual, relationship and health context of symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Painful sex\u2014reported by 7.5% of women in Britain\u2014is linked to poorer sexual, physical, relational and mental health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]],"date-time":"2017-01-25T05:02:58Z","timestamp":1485320578000},"page":"1689-1697","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Painful sex (dyspareunia) in women: prevalence and associated factors in a British population probability survey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"KR","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Department of Social and Environmental Health Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"},{"name":"MRC\/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit University of Glasgow Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Geary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sexual Health and HIV Research Research Department of Infection &amp; Population Health University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CA","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sexual Health Research Department of Psychology University of Southampton Southampton UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Datta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Department of Social and Environmental Health Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Wellings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Department of Social and Environmental Health Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Sonnenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sexual Health and HIV Research Research Department of Infection &amp; Population Health University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Field","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sexual Health and HIV Research Research Department of Infection &amp; Population Health University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Nunns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Bancroft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Oxford Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KG","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sexual Health and HIV Research Research Department of Infection &amp; Population Health University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AM","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sexual Health and HIV Research Research Department of Infection &amp; Population Health University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CH","family":"Mercer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sexual Health and HIV Research Research Department of Infection &amp; Population Health University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-005-0998-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2005.20347.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.09.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444308136.ch2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Chronic vulvar and gynecologic pain: Prevalence and characteristics in a self\u2010reported survey","volume":"51","author":"Bachmann GA","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0092623X.2015.1053023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2014.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-007-9204-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-009-9563-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444308136"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00926230701866083"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444308136.ch31"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/S0002-9378(03)00521-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2004.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12237"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.07.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12419"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","unstructured":"M Gray S Nicholson"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051359"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62035-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","volume-title":"British Social Attitudes: The 28th Report","author":"Park A","DOI":"10.4135\/9781446268292"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-005-9005-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-010-9599-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b14618-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.6.537"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0092623X.2011.615898"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2015.1089214"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494810371245"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(98)80136-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2011.555016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/713847095"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444308136.ch11"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0092623X.2011.606880"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.112904"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444308136.ch16"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000199951.26822.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62366-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"Provoked vestibulodynia: a qualitative exploration of women's experiences","volume":"54","author":"Sadownik LA","year":"2012","journal-title":"BC Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.23.2996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","first-page":"95","article-title":"Losing it: similarities and differences in first intercourse experiences of men and women","volume":"13","author":"Tsui L","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can J Hum Sex"}],"container-title":["BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2F1471-0528.14518","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1471-0528.14518","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T02:07:43Z","timestamp":1694311663000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1471-0528.14518"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1471-0528.14518"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1471-0528.14518","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1470-0328","1471-0528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1470-0328","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-0528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-11-16","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-01-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}