{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:04:16Z","timestamp":1792512256968,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,30]],"date-time":"2017-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":29,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the short\u2010 and long\u2010term efficacy and influential factors of focused ultrasound for the treatment of non\u2010neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NNEDV<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective observational study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>A gynaecologic department in a single centre in China.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NNEDV<\/jats:styled-content> were included in this study: 85 patients were diagnosed with lichen simplex chronicus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LSC<\/jats:styled-content>), 44 patients with vulva lichen sclerosus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLS<\/jats:styled-content>), and seven patients with lichen planus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LP<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 136 eligible patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NNEDV<\/jats:styled-content> were treated with focused ultrasound. After the treatment, based on changes in the degree of symptom severity and local skin signs (lesion size, skin colour and elasticity) before and after treatment, the treatment effectiveness for each patient was assessed. We further analysed the relations among pathologic type, age, course and curative rate. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi\u2010square (McNemar) test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Improvement in the symptoms and physical signs and the predictive factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Symptom relief was observed in all patients. The appearance and colour of the vulva returned to normal after the ultrasound treatment. Complete remission (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content>) occurred in 68 of 136 (50%) patients (41 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LSC<\/jats:styled-content> and 12 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLS<\/jats:styled-content>). The response rate was 93.38% (127\/136). Seven patients who had a poor response to the first session of treatment were treated again with ultrasound therapy and a good response was observed. No severe complications were observed. There was no significant difference in treatment results among the different pathological types (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&gt;\u00a00.05). However, the course of the disease and the age of the patients were related to the treatment results (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<jats:bold>s<\/jats:bold><\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NNEDV<\/jats:styled-content> can be treated with focused ultrasound effectively and safely. The course of the disease and the age of the patients may be predictive factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with non\u2010neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva can be safely and effectively treated with focused ultrasound. No significant difference in treatment results was observed between the different types of non\u2010neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T22:33:52Z","timestamp":1504305232000},"page":"87-92","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Short\u2010 and long\u2010term efficacy of focused ultrasound therapy for non\u2010neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"C","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Haifu Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haifu Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haifu Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haifu Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haifu Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biomedical Engineering Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biomedical Engineering Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1542-2011.2012.00175.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"82","article-title":"Acral lichen sclerosus et atrophicus: case report","volume":"86","author":"Viana Fde O","year":"2011","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"321","article-title":"Non\u2010neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva","volume":"77","author":"O'Connell TX","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2013.01.102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13863-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"28","article-title":"High prevalence of thyroid disease in patients with lichen sclerosus","volume":"52","author":"Birenbaum DL","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10326.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4238\/2015.December.7.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000139835.34168.b0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"111","article-title":"The efficacy of high\u2010intensity, focused ultrasound treatment for non\u2010neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva","volume":"62","author":"Zhou W","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Mol Biol (Noisy\u2010le\u2010grand)"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.lgt.0000245040.52718.d9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e3182494e8c"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000091"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","first-page":"709","article-title":"Vulvar lichen sclerosus: effect of long\u2010term topical application of a potent steroid on the course of the disease","volume":"140","author":"Renaudvilmer C","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbr.2016.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1598603"}],"container-title":["BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics &amp; 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