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Nuclear magnetic resonance (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NMR<\/jats:styled-content>) quantified lipoprotein particle concentrations [low\u2010density lipoprotein (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDL<\/jats:styled-content>), high\u2010density lipoprotein (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDL<\/jats:styled-content>), very\u2010low density lipoprotein (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLDL<\/jats:styled-content>)] and 10 subclasses of lipoproteins. Concentrations were assessed as continuous measures, with the exception of medium <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDL<\/jats:styled-content> which was classified as any or no detectable level, given its distribution. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>) for gestational age at delivery adjusting for covariates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gestational age at delivery, preterm birth (&lt;37 weeks of gestation), and spontaneous preterm birth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At &lt;20 weeks of gestation, three lipoproteins were associated with later gestational ages at delivery [large <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDL<jats:sub>NMR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content> 0.78, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.64\u20130.96), total <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLDL<jats:sub>NMR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content> 0.77, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.61\u20130.98), and small <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLDL<jats:sub>NMR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content> 0.78, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.62\u20130.98], whereas large <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLDL<jats:sub>NMR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.19, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.01\u20131.41) was associated with a greater hazard of earlier delivery. At 24\u201328 weeks of gestation, average <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLDL<jats:sub>NMR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.25, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.03\u20131.51) and a detectable level of medium <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDL<jats:sub>NMR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.90, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.19\u20133.02) were associated with earlier gestational ages at delivery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this sample of pregnant women, particle concentrations of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLDL<jats:sub>NMR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> LDL<jats:sub>NMR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> IDL<jats:sub>NMR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDL<jats:sub>NMR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> were each independently associated with gestational age at delivery for all deliveries or spontaneous deliveries &lt;37 weeks of gestation. These findings may help formulate hypotheses for future studies of the complex relationship between maternal lipoproteins and preterm birth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy may identify lipoprotein particles associated with preterm delivery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,8]],"date-time":"2017-09-08T17:56:45Z","timestamp":1504893405000},"page":"895-903","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Lipoprotein particle concentration measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is associated with gestational age at delivery: a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"MR","family":"Grace","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CJ","family":"Vladutiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; 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