{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T15:26:51Z","timestamp":1778858811406,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the efficacy of the addition of an ultrasound of the groins in routine follow up of women with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content>) after a negative sentinel lymph node (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLN<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective single\u2010centre study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>A tertiary expert oncology centre for the treatment of vulvar cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>All women with vulvar <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content> with a negative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLN<\/jats:styled-content>, treated between 2006 and 2014.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We prospectively collected data of 139 women with vulvar <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content> treated with an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLN<\/jats:styled-content> procedure. We analysed data of 76 patients with a negative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLN<\/jats:styled-content>. Three\u2010monthly follow\u2010up visits consisted of physical examination combined with an ultrasound of the groins by a radiologist.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>The diagnostic value of ultrasound in the follow up of women with vulvar <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content> with a negative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLN<\/jats:styled-content> during the first 2 years after treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During a routine visit, two asymptomatic isolated groin recurrences were detected. Both patients were treated by inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy and are alive without evidence of disease 39 and 120 months after diagnosis. In total, 348 ultrasounds and 29 fine\u2010needle aspiration were performed. The sensitivity of ultrasound to detect a groin metastasis was 100% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 16\u2013100%), and specificity was 92% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 89\u201395%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Routine follow up including ultrasound of the groin led to early detection of asymptomatic isolated groin recurrences. Further research is necessary to determine the exact role of ultrasound in the follow up of patients with vulvar <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content> with a negative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLN<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Routine follow up including ultrasound of the groin led to early detection of asymptomatic isolated groin recurrences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]],"date-time":"2018-06-20T20:50:06Z","timestamp":1529527806000},"page":"1461-1468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The efficacy of ultrasound in the follow up after a negative sentinel lymph node in women with vulvar cancer: a prospective single\u2010centre study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"AW","family":"Pouwer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"RDM","family":"Mus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"IntHout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Evidence Radboud Institute for Health Sciences Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"AGJ","family":"van der Zee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Bulten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"LFAG","family":"Massuger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JA","family":"de Hullu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.14.0566"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.41.2528"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2015.09.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2007.12.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2014.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0000000000000975"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","unstructured":"Oncoline.Vulvacarcinoom [updated 2011\u201005\u201002. 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