{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T13:55:11Z","timestamp":1771854911620,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]],"date-time":"2019-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore whether non\u2010tuberculous mycobacteria (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content>) are associated with tubal disease leading to infertility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective observational study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Teaching hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women with tubal factor infertility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In all, 173 infertile women with tubal disease were investigated for genital tuberculosis,<jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>using polymerase chain reaction, culture and histopathological examination. On culture,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content>were grown in 23.7% of endometrial samples. The mycolic characteristics of these organisms were analysed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measure<\/jats:title><jats:p>Whether<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content>are associated with tubal disease leading to infertility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The organisms identified in association with tubal disease were<jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>in 30%, gonococci in 1.7%,<jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>in 7.5% and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content>in 23.7% of cases.<jats:italic>Mycobacterium chelonae<\/jats:italic>was the predominant organism identified by high\u2010performance liquid chromatography. In ten women, for whom there was laparoscopic evidence of tubal disease, the only organism that was grown was<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content>, and the tests for other organisms were negative. Tests for possible environment (theatre, instruments) contamination was reported negative.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>While evaluating infertile women for tubal disease, culture studies revealed a high prevalence of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content>in the endometrium. In the absence of<jats:italic>M.\u00a0tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>, gonococci and<jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>infection, the presence of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content>suggests the possibility that these organisms may be responsible for tubal damage leading to infertility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>On evaluating the causes of tubal disease,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content>were associated with tubal disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]],"date-time":"2019-05-10T10:43:22Z","timestamp":1557485002000},"page":"66-71","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Significance of isolating non\u2010tuberculous mycobacterial organisms in infertile women with tubal disease: an observational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"T","family":"Radha Bai Prabhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Meenakshi Medical College and RI Kancheepuram and Govt Hospital for Women and Children Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Pandiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute Kelambakkam Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Sujatha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Research Centre Chetput Chennai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MS","family":"Jawahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis and Indian Council of Medical Research Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200604-571ST"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v3.i10.864"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-008-0694-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"440","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of primary infertility among young women in Mysore, India","volume":"134","author":"Adamson PC","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"124","article-title":"An epidemiological study of infertility among urban population of Ambala, Haryana","volume":"2","author":"Mittal A","year":"2015","journal-title":"IJIMS"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(01)00525-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-008-0590-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"40","article-title":"Evaluating PCR, culture & histopathology in the diagnosis of female genital tuberculosis","volume":"134","author":"Thangappah RBP","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"Detection of mycobacterial infections (MTB & NTM) by different molecular, staining and culture techniques among infertile females","volume":"16","author":"Gangania PS","year":"2016","journal-title":"Global J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01162-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Current concepts of diagnosis for mycobacterial infections in female genital tract","volume":"4","author":"Gangania PS","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Microbiol Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"NovyM EschenbachD WitkinS.Infections as a Cause of Infertility. Global Library of Women's Medicine (ISSN: 1756 \u2013 2228) 2008;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3843\/glown.10328","DOI":"10.3843\/GLOWM.10328"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"210","article-title":"Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infections","volume":"6","author":"Johnson MM","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2012.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpmed.2009.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2007.14","article-title":"Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in Indian AIDS patients detected by a novel set of ESAT\u20106 polymerase chain reaction primers","volume":"60","author":"Singh S","year":"2007","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29252\/ijrm.16.9.557"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmoldx.2015.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"695","article-title":"Prevalence of MTB\/NTM infection in pulmonary and extrapulmonary samples among tuberculosis suspects in India","volume":"3","author":"Premraj S","year":"2014","journal-title":"IJSR"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2006.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"123","article-title":"Case report on pulmonary disease due to co\u2010infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium abscessus: difficulty in diagnosis","volume":"20","author":"Ishiekwene C","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respir Med Case Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2047773214Y.0000000133"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Simultaneous diagnosis of tuberculous and nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases: time for a better patient management","volume":"3","author":"Sarro YD","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect Dis Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1471-0528.15814","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1471-0528.15814","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1471-0528.15814","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]],"date-time":"2024-07-17T22:04:05Z","timestamp":1721253845000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1471-0528.15814"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1471-0528.15814"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1471-0528.15814","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1470-0328","1471-0528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1470-0328","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-0528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-05-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-05-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}