{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:06:56Z","timestamp":1792426016846,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,20]],"date-time":"2019-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010AI116799"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010AI116799"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Characterise the vaginal metabolome of cervical HPV\u2010infected and uninfected women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Center for Health Behavior Research at the University of Maryland School of Public Health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Sample<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty\u2010nine participants, 13 categorised as HPV\u2010negative and 26 as HPV\u2010positive (any genotype; HPV\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), 14 of whom were positive with at least one high\u2010risk HPV strain (hrHPV).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Self\u2010collected mid\u2010vaginal swabs were profiled for bacterial composition by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, metabolites by both gas and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and 37 types of HPV DNA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metabolite abundances.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Vaginal microbiota clustered into Community State Type (CST) I (\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus\u00a0crispatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010dominated), CST III (\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus\u00a0iners<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010dominated), and CST IV (low\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , \u2018molecular\u2010BV\u2019). HPV\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      women had higher biogenic amine and phospholipid concentrations compared with HPV\n                      <jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup>\n                      women after adjustment for CST and cigarette smoking. Metabolomic profiles of HPV\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      and HPV\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      women differed in strata of CST. In CST III, there were higher concentrations of biogenic amines and glycogen\u2010related metabolites in HPV\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      women than in HPV\n                      <jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup>\n                      women. In CST IV, there were lower concentrations of glutathione, glycogen, and phospholipid\u2010related metabolites in HPV\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      participants than in HPV\n                      <jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup>\n                      participants. Across all CSTs, women with hrHPV strains had lower concentrations of amino acids, lipids, and peptides compared with women who had only low\u2010risk HPV (lrHPV).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The vaginal metabolome of HPV\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      women differed from HPV\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      women in terms of several metabolites, including biogenic amines, glutathione, and lipid\u2010related metabolites. If the temporal relation between increased levels of reduced glutathione and oxidised glutathione and HPV incidence\/persistence is confirmed in future studies, anti\u2010oxidant therapies may be considered as a non\u2010surgical HPV control intervention.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Metabolomics study: Vaginal microenvironment of HPV\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      women may be informative for non\u2010surgical interventions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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