{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T14:32:48Z","timestamp":1791988368586,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]],"date-time":"2020-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early\u2010onset group B streptococcal (EOGBS) disease (including sepsis, meningitis, and pneumonia) causes significant morbidity and mortality in newborn infants worldwide. Antibiotic prophylaxis can prevent vertical streptococcal transmission, yet no uniform criteria exist to identify eligible women for prophylaxis. Some guidelines recommend universal GBS screening to pregnant women in their third trimester (screening\u2010based protocol), whereas others employ risk\u2010based protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the effectiveness of screening\u2010based versus risk\u2010based protocols in preventing EOGBS disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Search strategy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Key words for the database searches included GBS,\n                      <jats:italic>Streptococcus agalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n                      , pregnancy, screening, culture\u2010based, risk\u2010based.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Selection criteria<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Studies were included if they investigated EOGBS disease incidence in newborn infants and compared screening or risk\u2010based protocols with each other or with controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data collection and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were determined using Mantel\u2010Haenszel analyses with random effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventeen eligible studies were included. In this meta\u2010analysis, screening was associated with a reduced risk for EOGBS disease compared either with risk\u2010based protocols (ten studies, RR 0.43, 95% CI 0.32\u20130.56) or with no policy (four studies, RR 0.31, 95% CI 0.11\u20130.84). Meta\u2010analysis could not demonstrate a significant effect of risk\u2010based protocols versus no policy (seven studies, RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.61\u20131.20). In studies reporting on the use of antibiotics, screening was not associated with higher antibiotic administration rates (31 versus 29%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Screening\u2010based protocols were associated with lower incidences of EOGBS disease compared with risk\u2010based protocols, while not clearly overexposing women to antibiotics. This information is of relevance for future policymaking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Meta\u2010analysis: general screening is associated with lower rates of early\u2010onset group B strep. neonatal sepsis compared with risk\u2010based protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]],"date-time":"2020-01-08T05:51:30Z","timestamp":1578462690000},"page":"680-691","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Universal screening versus risk\u2010based protocols for antibiotic prophylaxis during childbirth to prevent early\u2010onset group B streptococcal disease: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"127","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0313-4763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"GF","family":"Hasperhoven","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences Maastricht University Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0268-2095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S","family":"Al\u2010Nasiry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gyneacology and Obstetrics Maastricht University Medical Centre Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Bekker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Villamor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Maastricht University Medical Centre Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8153-7103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"BWW","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Maastricht University Medical Centre Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix656"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix664"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix658"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1984.tb04759.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0195-6701(88)90207-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix655"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14821"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease\u2013revised guidelines from CDC, 2010","volume":"59","author":"Verani JR","year":"2010","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"206","article-title":"Prevention of Group B Streptococcal Early\u2010Onset Disease in Newborns: ACOG Committee Opinion Summary, Number 782","volume":"134","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","volume-title":"Richtlijn: Preventie en behandeling van early\u2010onset neonatale infecties. 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