{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:27:21Z","timestamp":1792290441188,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]],"date-time":"2020-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess whether vaginal secretions and breast milk of women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) contain severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Single centre cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, China.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population <\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied 13 SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2010infected pregnant women diagnosed between 31 January and 9 March 2020.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We collected clinical data, vaginal secretions, stool specimens and breast milk from SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2010infected women during different stages of pregnancy and collected neonatal throat and anal swabs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcomes and measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assessed viral presence in different biosamples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 13 women with COVID\u201019, five were in their first trimester, three in their second trimester and five in their third trimester. Of the five women in their third trimester who gave birth, all delivered live newborns. Among these five deliveries, the primary adverse perinatal outcomes included premature delivery (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a02) and neonatal pneumonia (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a02). One of nine stool samples was positive; all 13 vaginal secretion samples, and five throat swabs and four anal swabs collected from neonates, were negative for the novel coronavirus. However, one of three samples of breast milk was positive by viral nucleic acid testing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this case series of 13 pregnant women with COVID\u201019, we observed negative viral test results in vaginal secretion specimens, suggesting that a vaginal delivery may be a safe delivery option. However, additional research is urgently needed to examine breast milk and the potential risk for viral contamination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>New evidence for the safety of vaginal delivery and breastfeeding in pregnant women infected with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102, positive viral result in a breast\u2010milk sample.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T19:58:07Z","timestamp":1588708687000},"page":"1109-1115","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":150,"title":["Coronavirus disease 2019 among pregnant Chinese women: case series data on the safety of vaginal birth and breastfeeding"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"127","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2293-1792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Y","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5149-2496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology First Affiliated Hospital to Army Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuchang, Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan Children\u2019s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital) Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science &amp; Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuchang, Wuhan China"},{"name":"Wuhan Children\u2019s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital) Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science &amp; Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8337-550X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"BW","family":"Mol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u2010L","family":"Dennis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuchang, Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuchang, Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4344-8019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.WHO Director\u2010General's opening remarks at the Mission briefing on COVID\u201019 \u2013 12 March 2020.https:\/\/www.who.int\/zh\/dg\/speeches\/detail\/who\u2010director\u2010general\u2010s\u2010opening\u2010remarks\u2010at\u2010the\u2010mission\u2010briefing\u2010on\u2010covid\u201019\u2013\u201012\u2010march\u20102020."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30251-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2003.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2018.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw412"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.3204"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30360-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","unstructured":"ChinaNHCotPsRo.Transcript of Press Conference on Feb 7 2020.2020.http:\/\/www.nhc.gov.cn\/xcs\/s3574\/202002\/5bc099fc9144445297e8776838e57ddc.shtml."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","unstructured":"General Office of the National Health Commission of China General Office of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Seventh Trial Edition). 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