{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T22:42:19Z","timestamp":1792449739873,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]],"date-time":"2020-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1071269"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1071269"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000991","name":"Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000991","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001782","name":"University of Melbourne","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Early Career Researcher"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Early Career Researcher"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001782","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Determine the associations between factors and sexual practices and the composition of the vaginal microbiome (VM) of women treated for bacterial vaginosis (BV).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Melbourne, Australia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Population<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventy\u2010five reproductive\u2010age women diagnosed with clinical BV, treated with first\u2010line antibiotics and followed for up to 6 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Women self\u2010collected vaginal swabs and completed questionnaires at enrolment, the day following antibiotics and monthly for up to 6months until BV recurrence or no BV recurrence (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0430 specimens). Bacterial composition was determined using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The effects of ongoing factors on VM composition (utilising 291 monthly specimens) were assessed using generalised estimating equations population\u2010averaged models, which accounted for repeated measures within individuals.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The relative abundance of vaginal bacterial taxa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Women who reported ongoing sex with a regular sexual partner (RSP) had a VM comprised of increased relative abundance of non\u2010optimal BV\u2010associated bacteria (Adjusted co\u2010efficient\u00a0[Adjusted co\u2010eff] =\u00a011.91, 95% CI 3.39to20.43,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.006) and a decreased relative abundance of optimal,\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      species (Adjusted co\u2010eff\u00a0=\u00a0\u221212.76, 95% CI \u221223.03 to \u22122.49,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.015). A history of BV was also associated with a decreased relative abundance of\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. (Adjusted co\u2010eff\u00a0=\u00a0\u221212.35, 95% CI \u221222.68,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.019). The relative abundance of\n                      <jats:italic>Gardnerella, Atopobium<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Sneathia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. increased following sex with an RSP.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sex with an untreated RSP after BV treatment was associated with a VM comprised of non\u2010optimal BV\u2010associated bacteria. BV treatment approaches may need to include partner treatment if they are to achieve a sustained optimal VM associated with improved health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sex drives a return to a \u2018non\u2010optimal\u2019 vaginal microbiota after antibiotics for bacterial vaginosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]],"date-time":"2020-07-23T16:30:46Z","timestamp":1595521846000},"page":"756-767","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Sex is associated with the persistence of non\u2010optimal vaginal microbiota following treatment for bacterial vaginosis: a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"LK","family":"Ratten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre Alfred Hospital Carlton Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EL","family":"Plummer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre Alfred Hospital Carlton Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"GL","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's Centre for Infectious Diseases The Royal Women's Hospital Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Murdoch Children's Research Institute Melbourne Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Danielewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's Centre for Infectious Diseases The Royal Women's Hospital Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Murdoch Children's Research Institute Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CK","family":"Fairley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre Alfred Hospital Carlton Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SM","family":"Garland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's Centre for Infectious Diseases The Royal Women's Hospital Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Murdoch Children's Research Institute Melbourne Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JS","family":"Hocking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Tachedjian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute Melbourne Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology Monash University Clayton Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EPF","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre Alfred Hospital Carlton Vic. 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