{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T21:56:37Z","timestamp":1787694997524,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21HD084274"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21HD084274"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To measure the frequencies of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and adverse pregnancy outcomes among women receiving either aetiological testing or syndromic management for STIs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Non\u2010randomised prospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary healthcare facilities in Tshwane, South Africa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>HIV\u2010infected pregnant women attending antenatal care services.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants were enrolled to receive aetiological testing using Xpert\u00ae CT\/NG and Xpert\u00ae TV assays or standard syndromic management. Outcome data were collected at the postnatal care visit (\u226430\u00a0days from delivery) and from maternity records. Enrolment gestational age\u2010adjusted relative risk (aRR) was calculated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>STI prevalence at postnatal visit, and frequency of adverse pregnancy outcomes (preterm birth, low birthweight).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We enrolled 841 women. The prevalence of any STI at baseline was 40%; <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> 30%, <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> 5.6%, <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic> 20%. The prevalence of STIs at postnatal care was lower among those receiving aetiological testing compared with those receiving syndromic management (14% versus 23%; aRR 0.61; 95% CI 0.35\u20131.05). No difference was observed between study groups for frequency of preterm birth (23% versus 23%; aRR 1.2, 95% CI 0.81\u20131.8) and low birth weight (15% versus 13%; aRR 1.1, 95% CI 0.66\u20131.7).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aetiological testing provides an effective intervention to reduce the high burden of STIs in pregnant women in South Africa; however, the optimal implementation strategy remains to be determined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aetiological testing effectively reduces the burden of sexually transmitted infections in pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,5]],"date-time":"2020-12-05T01:49:27Z","timestamp":1607132967000},"page":"1335-1342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Aetiological testing 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