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Simulated events include neonatal infections, morbidity associated with preterm birth and consequences of caesarean birth. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSAs) were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>QALYs, costs and incremental cost\u2010effectiveness ratio (ICER).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this population, immediate birth dominates expectant management: it is more effective (average lifetime QALYs, 24.705 versus 24.371) and it is cheaper (average lifetime costs, \u00a314,372 versus \u00a319,311). In one\u2010way sensitivity analysis, results are robust to all but the odds ratio estimating the relative effect on incidence of infections. Threshold analysis shows that the odds of infection only need to be &gt;1.5% with expectant management for the benefit of avoiding infections to outweigh the disadvantages of immediate birth. In PSA, immediate birth is the preferred option in &gt;80% of simulations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neonatal GBS infections are expensive to treat and may result in substantial adverse health consequences. Therefore, immediate birth, which is associated with a reduced risk of neonatal infection compared with expectant management, is expected to generate better health outcomes and decreased lifetime costs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>For women with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes and group\u00a0B streptococcus in vaginal or urine samples, immediate birth is associated with improved health in their babies and reduced costs, compared with expectant management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,9]],"date-time":"2022-02-09T04:40:09Z","timestamp":1644381609000},"page":"1779-1789","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Immediate birth for women between 34 and 37\u00a0weeks of gestation with prolonged preterm prelabour rupture of membranes and detection of vaginal or urine group\u00a0B streptococcus: an economic evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Dietz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Guidelines National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Plumb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group B Strep Support  Haywards Heath West Sussex UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Banfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glan Clwyd Hospital  Bodelwyddan Rhyl UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aung","family":"Soe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oliver Fisher Neonatal Unit Medway Maritime Hospital  Gillingham Kent UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fadi","family":"Chehadah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Guidelines National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey","family":"Chang\u2010Douglass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Guidelines National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Population Health, Manchester Centre for Health Economics The University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"626","article-title":"Maternal morbidity and perinatal outcome in preterm premature rupture of membranes before 37 weeks gestation","volume":"30","author":"Dars S","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pakistan J Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15803"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004735.pub4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.178798"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471\u20100528.14302"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471\u20100528.2010.02725.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471\u20100528.15803"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.Neonatal infection: antibiotics for prevention and treatment [Internet].NICE.2021[cited 2021 Mar 28]. 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