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One of the most common problems with the thyroid is underactivity (known as hypothyroidism). An early, mild form of an underactive thyroid is called subclinical hypothyroidism. Often people with this condition do not have any symptoms. Another common problem is thyroid autoimmunity. Here, the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, sometimes leading to the development of abnormal thyroid function. This can be diagnosed by the presence of proteins in the bloodstream called antibodies.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Mild thyroid problems and the presence of high levels of thyroid antibodies have been linked to miscarriage and premature birth. There is debate in medicine about whether there should be routine testing of thyroid function both in the general population and in individuals who are trying for a baby. In addition, the strategies used to manage certain thyroid problems are questioned. Discussions around testing and subsequent management particularly relate to women with a history of subfertility or repeated miscarriages.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This Scientific Impact Paper provides information on thyroid testing and the management of mild thyroid problems and thyroid antibodies in women with a history of subfertility or recurrent miscarriages, using the latest evidence and guidelines. It concludes that there may be a role for treating these women with thyroxine tablets (the hormone produced by the thyroid gland) when subclinical hypothyroidism is present, and gives guidance on the cut\u2010off levels for treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T02:33:57Z","timestamp":1656470037000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Subclinical hypothyroidism and antithyroid autoantibodies in women with subfertility or recurrent pregnancy loss"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Rima K.","family":"Dhillon\u2010Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristien","family":"Boelaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yadava B.","family":"Jeve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abha","family":"Maheshwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arri","family":"Coomarasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.170021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30703-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-1284"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-21-0171"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2004.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.18.3.0300"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"Overview | Thyroid disease: assessment and management | Guidance | NICE [Internet]. 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