{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T19:18:51Z","timestamp":1789240731785,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]],"date-time":"2022-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003669","name":"Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014ER630200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014ER630200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003669","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003669","name":"Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017ER630200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017ER630200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003669","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003669","name":"Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\u2010ER7102\u201000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\u2010ER7102\u201000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003669","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003669","name":"Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020ER710201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020ER710201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003669","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003669","name":"Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020ER71020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020ER71020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003669","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002647","name":"Sungkyunkwan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002647","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the relationship between metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotypes and risk of vasomotor symptoms (VMS) in premenopausal women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Middle\u2010aged women in a cohort based on regular health screening examinations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Premenopausal Korean women aged 42\u201352\u2009years were recruited and were followed up for a median of 4.2\u2009years. The cross\u2010sectional and cohort studies comprised 4672 women and 2590 women without VMS at baseline, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adiposity measures included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and percentage body fat. Being metabolically healthy was defined as not having any metabolic syndrome components or a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance of 2.5 or more.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcomes measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>VMS (hot flushes and night sweats) assessed using the questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All adiposity measures were positively associated with an increased risk of VMS in both cross\u2010sectional and longitudinal studies. The multivariable\u2010adjusted prevalence ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) for VMS comparing percentage body fat of 35% or more with the reference was 1.47 (95% CI 1.14\u20131.90) in metabolically healthy women, and the corresponding prevalence ratio was 2.32 (95% CI 1.42\u20133.78) in metabolically unhealthy women (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>interaction<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.334). The multivariable\u2010adjusted hazard ratio for incident VMS comparing percentage body fat of 35% or more with the reference was 1.34 (95% CI 1.00\u20131.79) in metabolically healthy women, whereas the corresponding hazard ratio was 3.61 (95% CI 1.81\u20137.20) in metabolically unhealthy women (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>interaction<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.036). The association between BMI, waist circumference and VMS did not significantly differ by metabolic health status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maintaining normal weight and being metabolically healthy may help to prevent VMS in premenopausal women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Tweetable abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Avoiding obesity and a metabolically unhealthy status may help reduce vasomotor symptoms in premenopausal women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]],"date-time":"2022-05-21T15:18:59Z","timestamp":1653146339000},"page":"1926-1934","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity and risk of vasomotor symptoms in premenopausal women: cross\u2010sectional and cohort 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