{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T18:13:42Z","timestamp":1791828822368,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To assess whether CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      laser treatment is more effective than sham application in relieving the most bothersome symptom (MBS) in women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single\u2010centre, sham\u2010controlled, double\u2010blind, randomised trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A tertiary centre in Belgium.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Population<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty women with moderate to severe GSM symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All participants eventually received three consecutive laser and three consecutive sham applications, either first laser followed by sham, or conversely.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary outcome was the participant\u2010reported change in severity of the MBS at 12\u2009weeks. Secondary outcomes included subjective (patient satisfaction, sexual function, urinary function) and objective (pH, Vaginal Health Index Score, in vivo microscopy) measurements assessing the short\u2010term effect and the longevity of treatment effects at 18\u2009months after start of the therapy. Adverse events were reported at every visit.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The MBS severity score decreased from 2.86\u2009\u00b1\u20090.35 to 2.17\u2009\u00b1\u20090.93 (\u221223.60%; 95% CI \u221236.10% to \u221211.10%) in women treated with laser compared with 2.90\u2009\u00b1\u20090.31 to 2.52\u2009\u00b1\u20090.78 (\u221213.20%; 95% CI \u221222.70% to \u22123.73%) in those receiving sham applications (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.13). There were no serious adverse events reported up to 18\u2009months.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In women with GSM, the treatment response 12\u2009weeks after laser application was comparable to that of sham applications. There were no obvious differences for secondary outcomes and no serious adverse events were reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T23:15:02Z","timestamp":1667949302000},"page":"312-319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Laser versus sham for genitourinary syndrome of menopause: A randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Ann\u2010Sophie","family":"Page","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pelvic Floor Unit, University Hospitals KU Leuven, and Academic Department Development and Regeneration, Cluster Urogenital Surgery KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Y.","family":"Verbakel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Verhaeghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, and Academic Department Development and Regeneration, Cluster Urogenital Surgery KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0034-6795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yani P.","family":"Latul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam Reproduction &amp; Development Research Institute Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Housmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pelvic Floor Unit, University Hospitals KU Leuven, and Academic Department Development and Regeneration, Cluster Urogenital Surgery KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4920-945X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Deprest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pelvic Floor Unit, University Hospitals KU Leuven, and Academic Department Development and Regeneration, Cluster Urogenital Surgery KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2009.01335.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"CD001500","article-title":"Local oestrogen for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women","volume":"4","author":"Suckling J","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.0116"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13697137.2014.899347"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2017.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-018-3830-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","unstructured":"FDA.FDA warns against use of energy\u2010based devices to perform vaginal rejuvenation or vaginal cosmetic procedures: FDA safety communication. 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